Immune System
What is the first line of defense in the immune System?
skin
These are small masses of tissue that remove pathogens and dead cells. A lot are found near groins, armpits and neck.
Lymph Nodes
What is the product of the urinary system?
urine
What is the definition of excretion?
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
What white blood cells make antibodies?
B Cells
The bone marrow, spleen, thymus gland and tonsils have what in common?
-Lymphatic organs
-Factories for WBC
What is the product of the urinary system?
Urine
If there is not enough glucose for cellular respiration, what is used instead to make energy?
protein
What is waste generated from protein metabolism called? Also give at least one example.
Nitrogenous waste
Examples: urea, uric acid, ammonia, creatinine
Macrophages (WBC) do what to invading cells?
They consume them.
What is lymph? Specifically answer:
-Where does it come from
-How does it move
a fluid derived from blood, and collected by the lymphatic system. Lymph travels through lympathic vessels.
The 4 main parts of the urinary system are...
urethra bladder
kidneys ureters
What are the 3 major organs of the excretory system, and what do they excrete?
Skin (sweat)
Lungs (CO2)
Kidneys (urea)
What organ from the digestive system turns toxic nitrogenous waste into urea for the urinary system?
liver
What are lymph nodes?
filters that trap bacteria and viruses; high in WBC
This is a lymphatic organ found in the thoracic cavity (near lung area).
thymus gland
The scientific word for keeping your body in balance is...
Homeostasis
How does sweating maintain homeostasis?
By removing excess water and minerals, this helps keep our body temperature constant.
What is the full word for UTI, and give at least 2 symptoms for it.
Urinary tract infection
Symptoms:
A strong urge to urinate
Burning sensation when urinating
Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
Blood in the urine
Strong smelling urine
Pelvic pain
Urine pH is greater than 8
Explain what natural immunity is (and how it is acquired).
From exposure to the antigen – the body learns how to fight the invading substance by trial and error, but once it knows how, it will know how forever.
How does the lymphatic system work with the circulatory system to get rid of waste?
Waste products are released into the interstitial fluid.
The interstitial fluid travels through lymphatic vessels (lymph).
Lymph is carried to the blood.
Blood transports the waste to other organs that will remove them from the body.
Give at least 2 things that the kidneys help regulate about the blood.
Volume
Pressure
pH
(Easy 500-point question!) What happens to our bodies if we don't remove waste?
Terrible! Eventually death!
Unfiltered blood enters the kidney through the renal ____ and filtered blood leaves the kidney through the renal ______.
-artery
-vein