lymphatic vessels
how are lymphatic capillaries different from blood capillaries
more permeable and only flow in one direction (towards the heart)
main warriors of the immune system
lymphocytes
red bone marrow and thymus
primary lymphoid cells
cleanses blood and removes aged/defective RBCs, debris, and foreign substances in the red pulp tissue
spleen
function of lymphatic system
return fluids that have leaked from the vascular system back to the blood
pathway to heart
tissue--> lymph--> lymphatic capillaries--> collecting lymphatic vessels--> lymph nodes--> lymphatic trunk--> lymphatic duct--> heart
directly attack invading substances and manage the immune system
T-cells
where b cells are made
where t cells are made
mature and made in red bone marrow
made in red bone marrow mature in thymus
gathers and tries to remove any pathogens from food or inhaled air before they can enter the GI tract or lungs
tonsils
the protien-containing fluid that moves through the lymphatic vessels
lymph
take lymph from upper limb, right side of the head, and thorax to the heart via the internal jugular vein
right lymphatic duct
secrete antibodies into the blood
B cells
lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosa-associated-lymphoid tissue
secondary lymphoid organs
clusters of lymphoid tissue in the ileum of the small intestine that monitor intestinal bacteria populations and prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria
peyers patches
small organs that act as checkpoints to filter the lymph as it moves through the body
lymph nodes
takes lymph from everywhere else to the heart via the subclavian vein
thoracic duct
phagocytize ("eat") foreign substances and activate T cells
macrophages
where are mature lymphocytes activated
secondary lymphoid organs
conatins a bunch of lymphoid tissue to prevent bacteria from breaching the intestinal wall and generating "memory" lymphocytes for establishing long-term immunity
Appendix
networks of drainage vessels that collect and return excess interstitial (tissue) fluid to the blood
lymphatic vessels
what do lymphatic vessels carry
leaked protiens, pathogens, absorbed fat (from lymphatic capillaries called lacteals)
produce a fiber called stroma that creates a network to support the other cells in lymphoid organs and tissues
reticular cells
MALT includes what?
what do they do
tonsils, peyer's patches, appendix
prevent pathogens from penetrating mucous membrane
cleanses lymph and activates the immune system
dendritic cells: bring antigens to lymph nodes
macrophages: destroy pathogens and debris so they aren't delivered to the blood and then spread elsewhere
lymph nodes
what does the lymphatic system help do
helps maintain blood volume levels, and thus blood pressure