Hodgkin Lymphoma
Characteristic cells in Hodgkin lymphoma
Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg Cells (binucleated, owl eyes, I couldn't upload a picture without a paywall but use your imagination and memory)
Characteristic cells
Sheet of misregulated, monoclonal B cells
Source of B symptoms in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Dysregulation of HRS pathways (example: NF KappaB ) → Cytokine release (TNFa, IL-6, GM-CSF) → inflammation and fever (prostglandins), night sweats, and changes metabolism (weight loss)
Reason for Lymphadenopathy
Rapid proliferation of B cells replicate in germinal centers, overtaking lymph node
Reason for Lymphadenopathy
Increased T-cell recruitment to lymph nodes = expansion of lymph node
Spread of lymphadenopathy: contiguous or non-contiguous?
Non-Contiguous, typically other lymph nodes or in extra-nodal areas, like GI tract, that causes symptoms
Spread of lymphadenopathy: contiguous or non-contiguous
Contiguous, typically lymph nodes “in order” upper body
Typical patient age
Older adults (55+)
Strange symptoms associated
Pruritus (itchiness) and alcohol-induced stomach pain
Source of B symptoms
Similar cytokine release (TNFa, IL-6, GM-CSF) → inflammation and fever (prostglandins), night sweats, and changes metabolism (weight loss) BUT also depends more on tumor burden