L4 (p. 634)
People of mixed Spanish and indigenous heritage (BONUS: What term did Columbus's crew use to describe the indigenous people they encountered?)
mestizo / indios
The ___________ focused on the fur trade and maintained a small population in their American colonies.
A) Spanish B) English C) French
C) French
Name for the trade routes involving Europe, Africa, and the American colonies
triangular trade routes
"The planting of this probably changed more lives than the deeds of 100 kings." What is being referred to here?
potatoes
"Paris is worth a mass." Which faith uses the term mass to describe a church service? (BONUS: Who said this?)
Catholic / Henry of Navarre (Henry IV)
The term for Spanish explorers who conquered lands in the Americas
conquistadors
The first English colony in the Americas / cash crop that helped the colony grow
Jamestown / tobacco
40% of all African slaves brought to the Americas in the 1600s went to this colony. Which country controlled it?
Brazil / Portugal
Increases in the volume of trade, as well as the importation of gold and silver, led to increases in the _____ ________ , which caused inflation in Spain.
money supply
This man recruited people from the middle class to work for the government, weakening the power of French nobles.
Cardinal Richelieu (picture on p. 677)
Name one disease that spread quickly among the Aztecs and Incas.
smallpox, measles, mumps, typhus
Name the two main cash crops that were grown in European colonies in the Caribbean islands.
cotton and sugar
What did European slave traders give African merchants and rulers in exchange for slaves? (two things)
gold and guns
An English merchant sells a table to a colonist in Massachusetts Bay. The colonist pays an additional £ 5 because it's a manufactured good produced by the mother country. What is this additional cost known as?
a tariff
Who is credited with coming up with the essay within literature?
Michel de Montaigne
Sacrifices to this deity had to be offered daily in the Aztec empire. How many were sacrificed annually?
the god of sun and war / 20,000 people
Who controlled New York prior to 1664? Who controlled it after them?
The Dutch / The English
Describe one way slaves could "protest" the treatment they suffered, without a full-scale rebellion.
Answers vary (make their work inefficient)
Spain fought alongside sailors from this powerful Italian trading empire at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571.
Venice
Why did Louis XIV hate Paris? (BONUS: What is this event called? - From yesterday's video)
Anti-Mazarin riots (civil wars) / The Fronde (They took place from 1648-1653.)
System of forced labor used in Spanish colonies / Monk who criticized the use of this system
encomienda / Bartolome de las Casas
Name of the tribe that killed settlers in Jamestown / People brought in to the American colonies to work as "laborers" (two groups!!! - L6 too!)
Powhatan / African slaves & indentured servants
Name one African state that expanded by using weapons acquired from Europeans.
The southern provinces of the Spanish Netherlands goes by what name today? What was the dominant faith in this region?
Belgium / Catholicism
Which group lost power at the expense of the intendants? What caused this?
The nobility / They had to live at Versailles (some of the time).