Natural Selection
This is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
This is the process of choosing parents with desired traits to reproduce.
What is selective breeding?
This term describes different alleles for a trait?
What is heterozygous?
This type of reproduction produces identical offspring.
What is asexual reproduction?
This phase is when sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
What is anaphase?
This must exist in a population for natural selection to occur.
What is genetic variation?
The mating of two unrelated individuals, often from different breeds or lines, to introduce new genes.
What is crossbreeding?
In a cross Ss x ss, what is the probability of ss?
What is 50%?
This type involves two parents and increases variation.
What is sexual reproduction?
This process results in four non-identical cells.
What is meiosis?
Explain how environmental change can lead to a shift in trait frequency in a population.
What is organisms with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more, increasing those traits over time.
This is one limitation of selective breeding related to genetic diversity.
What is reduced genetic variation?
This ratio is expected for a heterozygous monohybrid cross.
What is 3:1?
This is one advantage of asexual reproduction.
What is rapid reproduction without needing a mate?
Describe the phases of mitosis and the final result?
What is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, resulting in 2 identical diploid daughter cells?
It refers to both the behavioral changes a population makes to cope with new situations and the biological, inherited traits that help organisms survive in their habitat.
What is adaptation?
Explain how selective breeding can lead to both benefits and risks in a population.
What is it increases desired traits but can reduce variation and increase disease risk?
Two parents are both heterozygous for a trait (Aa × Aa). A student claims that 75% of the offspring will always show the dominant trait. Show the ratio.
What is the 3:1 ratio?
Explain why sexual reproduction is beneficial in changing environments
What is increased genetic variation improves chances of survival?
Explain how meiosis differs from mitosis in both phases and outcomes, including chromosome number.
What is meiosis includes two divisions (meiosis I & II), reduces chromosome number, and produces 4 haploid cells, while mitosis produces 2 diploid identical cells?
Predict what will happen to a population if the environment changes suddenly and no individuals have beneficial traits. Justify your answer.
What populations will likely decrease or go extinct due to a lack of adaptation?
Compare selective breeding and natural selection in terms of who controls the process and outcomes.
What is humans control selective breeding, while the environment controls natural selection.
A trait is controlled by a dominant allele (T). A plant with an unknown genotype shows the dominant trait. It is crossed with a recessive plant (tt) and produces both tall and short offspring. Show the Punnett square on your whiteboard.
Tt x tt
Compare how asexual and sexual reproduction affect genetic diversity and survival.
What is asexual produces identical offspring with low diversity, while sexual produces variation that increases survival chances?
What is the correct terminology for each process?
Process A = mitosis
Process B = meiosis