Questions, Theory, & Basics
What is clear, focused approach that can be tested through systematic investigation.
What is a research question?
This organization reviews research studies to ensure they protect human participants.
A variable measured using categories with no inherent order (e.g., eye color or political party) uses which scale of measurement?
What is nominal
This section briefly summarizes the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions of a study.
What is the abstract?
In experiments, the variable that the researcher manipulates is called this.
What is the independent variable?
This is a well-supported explanation of a phenomenon that helps researchers generate hypotheses or explain findings.
What is theory.
One core ethical principle stating that participants should be treated fairly and that the benefits and burdens of research should be distributed equitably.
What is justice.
A ranking system such as first, second, third place in a race represents which measurement scale?
What is ordinal
This section reviews previous research and theoretical background related to the study.
What is the introduction or literature review?
The variable that is measured as the outcome in a study.
What is the dependent variable?
Researchers use this to translate a theory into specific predictions that can be tested.
What is hypothesis.
The ethical principle requiring researchers to maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants.
What is beneficence.
Which measurement scale includes a true zero point, allowing meaningful ratios (e.g., “twice as much”)?
Ratio
This section explains how the study was conducted, including participants, materials, and procedures.
What is the methods section?
A research design in which participants experience only one condition of the study.
What is a between-subjects design?
The larger group we aim to draw conclusions about is called this/.
What is population.
This ethical principle emphasizes informed consent and respect for participant autonomy.
What is respect for persons.
This is how we define a variable.
What is operationalizing.
This section presents statistical analyses and findings without interpretation.
What is the results section?
A design in which the same participants experience multiple conditions of the experiment.
What is a within-subjects design?
Stratified, Cluster, Purposeful, Snowball are all examples of __________ type of sampling.
What is convenience
The foundational ethics document created after historical research abuses that established these principles.
The Belmont Report
Temperature measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit is an example of which scale?
Interval
This section explains what the results mean, their implications, and possible limitations.
What is the discussion section?
Research in which the researcher manipulates a variable and controls conditions to test causality.
What is an experimental design?