Basics & Laws
What is the name for the resistance of an object to changes in its motion? (Newton’s 1st Law)
Inertia
What does "mechanical advantage" tell us?
How much a machine multiplies your force
Which lever has the fulcrum in the middle, like a seesaw?
Class 1 lever
What is the mechanical advantage formula for an inclined plane?
Length ÷ Height
What kind of energy does something high up have?
Potential Energy
What equation is Newton's Second Law represented by?
F = m × a (Force = mass × acceleration)
What’s the difference between ideal and actual mechanical advantage?
Ideal is perfect (no friction); actual is real (with friction)
What is the rule of levers in simple terms?
Effort × Distance = Load × Distance
How does a wedge help us do work?
It pushes things apart using force in one direction
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = ½ × mass × speed²
What are the six classical simple machines?
Name atleast 2
Lever, Inclined Plane, Wheel and Axle, Wedge, Pulley, Screw
A machine uses 20 N of effort to lift 80 N. What is the mechanical advantage?
4 (80 ÷ 20)
Which pulley makes it easier to lift by moving with the load?
Moveable Puller
What’s the difference between pitch and lead in a screw?
Pitch is between the threads; lead is how far it moves in one turn
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy say?
Energy can’t be created or destroyed—just changed
What does a simple machine do to force? Name two ways it modifies it.
Changes the direction or magnitude of the force
Why is actual mechanical advantage always lower than the ideal one?
Because of friction and energy loss
What does “rove to advantage” mean in a pulley setup?
The effort pulls the same way the load moves; it's easier
Why aren’t screws used much for transferring power?
They lose too much energy from friction
What is impulse, and what does it do?
Impulse = Force × Time; it changes how fast something is moving
What’s the difference between a vector and a scalar? Give one example of each.
Vector has direction (like force), scalar doesn’t (like mass)
A pulley has 4 ropes lifting 400 N. How much effort is needed (no friction)?
100 N (400 ÷ 4)
How does a compound pulley help us lift heavy things?
It uses more pulleys to reduce the amount of effort needed
A screw with 2 mm between threads turns halfway. How far does it move?
1 mm
A machine lifts 50 N for 2 meters in 5 seconds. How much power is used?
20 watts (50 × 2 ÷ 5 = 100 ÷ 5)