Deterrence Theory
Rational Choice Theory
Routine Activities Theory
Social Disorganization Theory
Collective Efficacy Theory
100
Who was the founder of deterrence theory?
Beccaria
100
Who came up with Rational Choice Theory?
Cornish and Clark
100
Who came up with Routine Activities theory?
we don't know
100
Who came up with Social Disorganization Theory?
Shaw and Mckay
100
Who came up with Collective Efficacy theory?
Sampson
200
What three criteria must punishment meet in order to deter crime?
it must be swift, certain and severe
200
According to rational choice theory, what is the cause of crime?
cost benefit analysis with a conclusion that the benefits outweigh the risks
200
What is the focus of this theory?
it looks at why people are victimized
200
According to social disorganization theory, what causes crime?
Lack of organization in a community; lack of communication and relationship among neighbors, lack of resources and people that care enough to make changes for the betterment of the community
200
According to sampson and collective efficacy theory, what causes crime?
lack of collective efficacy
300
According to deterrence theory, what is the intent of punishment?
Only to deter
300
Are there problems with rational choice theory? what are they?
Yes; people with mental health problems, teens and those under the influence may not be capable of making rational choices
300
According to routine activities theory; differences in victimization rate depend on ____
Your lifestyle
300
Where is social disorganization most prevalent? What factors cause this?
Zone in Transition high population turnover + ethnic heterogeneity + high and concentrated poverty --> turmoil, lack of relationships and lack of resources = social disorganization --> crime
300
What policy should be put in place according to collective efficacy theory?
remove signs of physical disorder/improve physical appearance
400
Is deterrence theory a good theory?
Overall, yes! offers a solution but is not testable (can only quantify examples of lack of deterrence)
400
Are there any benefits of rational choice theory?
every crime has an explanation (different crimes have different motivations, different people have different motivations to offend) need --> type of crime committed
400
Are there any limitations to routine activities theory?
It can't explain vice/victimless crimes like gambling and drug use
400
According to social disorganization theory, what policy could be put into place to minimize crime?
teach people how to better communicate, clean up and repair the neighborhood
400
Lack of collective efficacy --> _____ -->____
leads to physical disorder which then leads to behavioral disorder
500
What policy should be put in place under deterrence theory?
punishments should be more swift, certain and severe
500
What policy should be put in place under rational choice theory?
create social programs to lessen the need to commit crime, situational crime prevention or CPTED (crime prevention through environmental design)
500
What three factors must occur in order for a crime to occur?
motivated offender, suitable target and lack of capable guardianship
500
Are there any issues with social disorganization theory?
it's tautological; all those factors cause social disorganization which in turn causes crime but social disorganization is defined as the factors that cause it
500
Would any of these macro control theories support an increase in incarceration rates as a solution to crime?
no
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