Carbs
what are the elements of a carb?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
(in a 1.2.1 ratio)
What are the elements of a lipid?
Carbon
Hydrogen
oxygen
(little oxygen)
What are the elements of a protein?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
What are the elements in Nucleic acids?
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
phosphorus
What is a polymer?
polysaccharides
Glycerol and fatty acids.
What are the monomers of a proteins?
Amino acids joined by peptide bonds; 20 different amino acids.
What are the monomers in a nucleic acid?
Phosphate
5 carbon sugar
nitrogenous base
What is the difference between organic and inorganic?
Organic is made up of primarily carbon atoms
inorganic is not made up of any carbon atoms
What are the monomers in a carb?
Monosaccharides
What element has the least amount of itself in the lipid?
Oxygen
What are the polymers in a protein?
Polypeptide
How many elements are in a nucleic acid.
Five.
What is a condensation reaction?
when monomers link to form polymers.
Disaccharides:Maltose
Polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin.
What are the functions of a lipid?
Long term energy storage
triglycerides (fats)
Animals:saturated fatty acids- animal fats
Unsaturated fatty acids- ex. linoleic acid- common in plants
--phospholids in both plant and animal cell membranes.
--cholesterol
What are examples of proteins?
collagen, albumin, hemoglobin.
what are the functions of a Nucleic acid?
genetic information
It releases the products and can be used again.
What are the functions of a carb?
primary energy source
Plants-starch is a long term energy source, cellulose makes the cell wall of plants.
Animals-chitin forms exoskeleton of athropods, glycogen is energy storage in liver and muscles.
What are examples of lipids?
Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.
What are the functions of a protein?
Animals:
-collagen- connective tissue
muscle filaments for movement
albumin helps form blood clots
hemoglobin helps carry oxygen
antibodies to fight disease
Plants and animals:
hormones regulate a function for growth and development
move materials through a cell membrane
-enzymes- speed up cellular reactions
What are examples of Nucleic Acids?
DNA and RNA
What are the 4 functional groups?
Hydroxyl
carboxyl
amino
phosphate