Types
A mnemonic for remembering the main macrolides
What is FACE?
This term describes inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria
What is bacteriostatic?
The most common side effect of macrolides
What is GI upset?
This is how the nurse assesses the effectiveness of macrolide treatment
What is monitoring the signs and symptoms of infection?
This should be taken with macrolides to prevent GI upset
What is food?
Four types of macrolides
What are azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and fidaxomicin?
Macrolides are this type of antibiotic, treating both gram positive and gram negative infections
What is broad spectrum?
A mnemonic for remembering the side effects of macrolides
What is CLOG?
Routes of administration for macrolides
What are PO, IV, and ophthalmic?
Patients should be taught to complete their full course of antibiotics to prevent this phenomenon
What is antibiotic resistance?
The first macrolide to be discovered
What is erythromycin?
Macrolides are the first-line of treatment for this highly contagious respiratory infection
What is pertussis (whooping cough)?
A rare, severe side effect that starts with flu-like symptoms and causes painful rashes that spread and blister
What is Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)?
The nurse should monitor for these signs of an anaphylactic allergic reaction
What are hives, itching, and difficulty breathing?
A beverage that patients should be taught to avoid while taking macrolides
What is grapefruit juice?
This type of macrolide is associated with more GI effects than others
What is erythromycin?
Macrolides are useful in treating this type of GI infection
What is H. pylori?
Macrolides can cause injury to this organ, resulting in jaundice and dark urine
What is the liver?
The nurse should assess for this infection if a patient is experiencing severe diarrhea while taking a macrolide
What is C. diff?
Patient should be taught to not take this type of medication until C. diff has been ruled out
What are antidiarrheals?
The type of macrolide with the lowest tendency to cause prolonged QT interval
What is azithromycin?
The ribosomal subunit that macrolides bind to, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
What is 50S?
A medication side effect that causes damage to the inner ear that is usually reversible
What is ototoxicity?
The nurse should monitor for this EKG change in patients taking macrolides
What is prolonged QT interval?
Patient should be taught to report these signs of ototoxicity
What are hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus?