Carbohydrates/Nucleic Acids
Is bread a carbohydrate?
Yes :O
What forms lipids?
Glycerol, fatty acids, and other components
What elements join together to form proteins?
Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
What do nucleic acids do?
Store and transmit genetic information.
What element is a component of almost all biological molecules?
Carbon
Do carbohydrates speed up reactions or store energy?
Store energy.
What is the primary function of a lipid?
To store energy.
How many levels of structure can proteins form?
Four
What is the basic structure of a nucleotide?
A nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate.
What is biodiversity?
Biodivserity is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that area.
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
A monosaccharide.
How do the nonpolar fatty acid tails of a phospholipid behave towards water?
Hydrophobic/not attracted to water
A water molecule (hydrogen + oxygen and hydrogen)
Chains of ___ form nucleic acids.
Nucleotides
What is a polymer?
Molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers that are linked together by a series of covalent bonds.
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a carbohydrate?
1:2:1 (one oxygen, two hydrogen, and one carbon)
What type of lipid is responsible for the structure and function of the cell membrane?
Phospholipds
What type of bond joins amino acids to form proteins?
Peptide bonds
Three
Straight chains, branched chains, and rings.
What are three examples of carbohydrate isomers?
Glucose, galactose, and fructose.
What type of lipid only has single bonds on its fatty acid tail: saturated fats or unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats
Which three groups are attached to the central Carbon of an amino acid?
The carboxyl group, the amino group, and a variable side chain.
What happens when the bond between the second and third phosphate group in ATP is broken?
Energy is released.
What are two basic structures/shapes of a protein's secondary structure?
Helix and pleated sheet.