Nucleic Acids
What is one role of nucleic acids?
Carry hereditary information
What are the buiding blocks of protein?
Amino acids
What is one function of a carbohydrate?
Energy or structure/protection
What are two function for body fat?
Long term energy and insulation
What is the general term for a molecule that consists of three or more monomers?
Polymer
What nucleic acid is generally double stranded?
DNA
What is one function of proteins?
Structure (hair, nails, skin), muscle movement, enzymes, etc.
Two monosaccharides combine to form what?
A disaccharide
Estrogen and testosterone are examples of what type of lipid?
Steroids
What process combines monomers by removing water?
Dehydration Synthesis
What process links nucleotides?
Dehydration Synthesis
What is the bond between amino acids?
Peptide bond
Which of the following sugars has more energy? A disaccharide or Polysaccharide
Amylose (the polysaccharide)
Will the following fatty acid chain be saturated or unsaturated, and will it be more solid or more liquid?
O
H H H H H H H H
C C C C C C C C H
H H H H H H H H
O
Saturated and more solid
What process is used to break up polymers by adding water?
Hydrolysis
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogenous base
What needs to happen to turn a polypeptide into a functional protein?
The polypeptide needs to fold
What is the purpose of chitin in insects?
Why do phospholipids arrange themselves in the following way when surrounded by water?
The heads are poar and the tails are nonpolar
What type of chemical bond links monomers together?
Covalent bond
Explain complementary base pairing.
A goes with T through 2 H bonds
C goes with G through 3 H bonds
Based on the below picture, what will happen between the polar and nonpolar amino acid side chains? N-N-N-P-P-P
They will repel
Why do complex starches (like glycogen) contain many branches?
They can store more energy
What are the parts of triglycerol? Include how many of each there are.
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains
Why would a cell want to break down a polymer into building blocks?
To build something else or extract energy