Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Mystery
100
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
100
What is the monomer of a lipid? (2 parts)
Glycerol and fatty acids
100
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino Acid
100
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
100
What element makes a molecule organic?
carbon
200
What is the function of the carbohydrate polymer starch?
Starch - plant energy storage
200
Water doesn't mix with oil because of what property of lipids?
Hydrophobic property
200
What type of proteins speed up chemical reactions?
Enzymes
200
What are the 2 classes of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
200
What has more calories per gram, peanut butter or jelly? Why?
Peanut Butter because nuts are a lipid (9 cals/gram), while jelly (sugar) is a carbohydrate (4 cals/gram)
300
What is the basic unit of sugar that our body uses for energy?
Glucose
300
Name a food example of a saturated fat and an unsaturated fat.
Saturated: Butter, cheese, chocolate, or anything solid at room temperature
Unsaturated: Olive oil, fish oil, nut oil, seed oil, egg yolk, omega-3 fatty acids
300
Name 2 sources of protein BESIDES meat.
Any of the following: Eggs, dairy, beans, lentils, some vegetables, nuts
300
What is the function of RNA?
translates the genetic code (DNA) into functional proteins
(or something about going from DNA to protein)
300
What is the name of the polymerization reaction that joins monomers together?
Dehydration synthesis
400
Why do some athletes eat candy or drink Gatorade before/during working out?
Simple sugars, digest fast and give quick energy
400
What type of fat (saturated or unsaturated) is kinked? What causes this kinked shape?
Unsaturated fats, Carbon double bonds
400
The order of the amino acids determines what?
Any of the following: Shape of the protein, how the protein folds, function of the protein
400
How many nucleotides are in DNA? Hint: They are represented by letters.
4
(A, C, T, and G)
400
Do you have the same DNA in all of your cells?
Yes, same DNA (same blueprint). BUT, different parts of the DNA are expressed depending on the cell type.
500
Where are the 2 MAIN places that glycogen is stored?
Muscles and liver
500
Name the lipid that is responsible for making up the cell membrane. Draw it and label the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of it.
500
Why does an egg white turn from clear to white when it is cooked?
The protein in the egg white is denatured by heat.
500
What does the "D" in DNA stand for? What does this mean?
"Deoxy"
DNA is missing an oxygen compared to RNA
500
Carbon forms bonds with other elements very easily. What is the name of these bonds?
Covalent bonds