Nucleic Acid
Define Nucleic Acid
a blueprint for proteins that are synthesized in cells
(stores hereditary information)
what are some examples of foods that include carbohydrates
fruits, vegetables, and grains
Define Lipids
Non-Polar compounds that are made mostly of carbon hydrogen, and less amounts of oxygen
Define Protein
Large molecules that consists of many amino acid subunits that are joined together by peptide bonds folded into a specific 3D shape
what is a Alpha helix
a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a helix
Nucleotides consist of
carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
What is the function of polysaccharides
energy storage, structure support and cell-to-cell communication
How many carbon molecules does Glycerol have
3
How many essential amino acids are there
9
Thymine only bonds with adenine in what
DNA
what is the bond that links monosaccharides
Glycosidic Linkage
Differentiate between Saturated and unsaturated
Saturated- No double bonds between carbons, solid at room temperature.
Unsaturated- One or more double bonds between carbons, Liquid at room temperature
what is a peptide
a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds
what are the nitrogenous bases of RNA
adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine
How does the structure of a polymer differ from a monomer
a monomer is a single unit and a polymer is made up of hundreds or thousands of monomers
Glycerol,3fatty acid chains,--> triglyceride+ 3H2O=
Dehydration synthesis reaction
What causes the polypeptide chain to fold into a sheet like structure
Beta-Pleated sheet
how many carbon atoms does ribose contain
5
what way are carbons counted in glucose
clockwise
Give an example for the function of Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes
Triglycerides- Stored by cells as a long term energy source
phospholipids-Form cell membranes
Steroids-messaging(hormones)
Waxes- Water resistance and protection
Name 5 essential amino acids
Leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and tryptophan
(only need to name 5)