Carbohydrates
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Provide energy through oxidation; supply carbon for synthesis of cell components; store chemical energy; form parts of cell and tissue structures
Monomers for Lipids
Fatty Acids and Glycerol
What are the functions of protein?
Transport, structure, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, fluid balance, pH, channels and pumps.
The Nucleic acid that is located primarily in the nucleus
What is DNA?
Define polar molecule
A molecule with an uneven distribution of charges in different regions of the molecule
Where is the carbonyl carbon placed in carbohydrates?
At or near the top
Elements found in Lipids
Mostly Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and some Oxygen (O)
What is the chemical structure of an amino acid?
Carboxyl group, amino group, hydrogen and a side chain or R group
The basic component of a DNA and RNA molecule
What is Nucleotide?
Why is water considered polar?
Overall charge unevenly distributed
What is benedict's test?
Test to indicate reducing sugars. reduces all monosaccharides and some disaccharides.
Functions of Lipids
Long-term energy storage, act as structural components of cell membranes
,and provide insulation
What are the elements in the chemical structure of amino acids?
C, H, N, O
The process whereby a DNA duplicates itself and forms a new DNA molecule
What is Replication?
How does hydrogen bonding contribute to water's high specific heat?
Heat breaks the hydrogen bonds before raising temperatures of water, cooling FORMS hydrogen bonds
What are Carbohydrates made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Examples of Lipids
Fats, oils, waxes
How many amino acids are there
20
The type of nucleic acid that forms from DNA and functions with Ribosomes to form protein molecules
What is RNA?
What would happen to organisms if ice froze at the bottom?
Everything would freeze. Ice frozen on top allows life underneath to survive
What are the 2 types of formulas?
Structural and molecular
Fatty Acid Structure
Long hydrocarbon (hydrogen and carbon) chains
How many essential amino acids are there?
9
The process of forming a messenger RNA from DNA
What is Transcription
Why is water such a fine solvent?
Most substances dissolve in ater. No need for ionic for ionic compounds