Proteins and Carbohydrates
What is the name of a monomer and polymer of a protein?
Monomer - amino acid
Polymer - polypeptide
What is the function of a nucleic acid?
Stores genetic material
What elements are in water?
Hydrogen and oxygen
What macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
How do we measure pH?
A scale from 1-14, measuring the quantity of H+.
What is the name of a monomer and polymer of a carbohydrate?
Monomer - monosaccharide
Polymer - polysaccharide
What is the name of a monomer and polymer of a lipid?
Monomer - Fatty acid
Polymer - Triglyceride
What does it mean when we say water is polar?
There is an uneven distribution of charge, leaving the molecule charged.
What suffix do we use to identify enzymes?
-ase
Where on the pH scale would you find basic substances?
Name an example of a simple, complex, and indigestible carbohydrate.
Complex - starch, glycogen, fruits, beans, grains, vegetables
Indigestible - fiber, cellulose
Insulation
Hormones
Stored energy
How are water molecules attached to each other?
Hydrogen bonds
What fits into the active site of an enzyme?
Substrate(s)
Which number(s) are the most harmful to you on the pH scale?
1 and 14
Name 2 roles proteins have in the cell membrane.
Cell signaling
Cell recognition
Protein channels
What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fat?
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, unsaturated fats are liquid.
Saturated fats are straight and can build up, unsaturated are bent and do not build up.
What is surface tension?
Why do we need enzymes?
These speed up your chemical reactions, breaking down and building up macromolecules.
Acidic
There are 20 amino acids. How many are essential, meaning you have to eat them since your body does not build them.
9
Where do we find nucleic acids in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
In the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
Explain how capillary action helps water go from the roots to the tops of trees.
What happens during an anabolic reaction?
Substrates are built up into a product.
What happens if you mix a strong acid with a strong base?
They cancel each other out, leaving a liquid close to water.