Macromolecules
What are macromolecules simply put?
The molecules which exist in all living things
"life's building blocks"
What is the building block of carbohydrates?
Sugar
What is the building block of lipids?
fatty acids
What are proteins?
Organic molecules that form muscles, transport O2 (hemoglobin), and act as hormones and enzymes
Determine how our bodies look and function
example answers:
DNA: deoxyribose -- RNA: ribose
DNA: Double Helix -- RNA: strand
DNA Bases: C, G, A, T -- RNA Bases: C, G, A, U
DNA cannot leave the nucleus of the cell and RNA can
List the four categories of organic molecules?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic Acids
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Describe the structure of a fatty acid?
What is the building block of proteins?
amino acids
What is a similarity between DNA and RNA?
Example Answer:
RNA creates a copy of DNA
Both are nucleic acids
formed from nucleotides
All of the organic molecules are based on which element?
Carbon
How does a polysaccharides differ from a disaccharides?
2 monosaccharides --> disaccharides
3+ monosaccharides --> polysaccharides
What is a saturated fatty acid?
Unhealthy fats, usually from animal sources, and solid at room temperature
What is the name of the bond that joins amino acids?
peptide bond
What is the structure of DNA?
A twisted ladder/Double helix
What is a polymer?
a larger molecule
What does a monosaccharides look like?
carbon rings
What is the main function of lipids?
long-term storage of energy in the body
How many different amino acids are there?
20
What is the structure of RNA?
one strand
What determines how organic molecules will look and behave?
their form and shape
What are the elements contained in carbohydrates?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What are unsaturated fats?
Missing at least one hydrogen, are kinked in shape, are healthy and from plant sources, and liquid at room temperature
What determines the shape and function of a protein?
"R" group
What is the building block of nucleic acids?
nucleotides