Carbohydrates
What is a carbohydrate?
Organic compound that includes sugars and starches, major source of energy
What is a lipid?
Fat or fat-like molecule, important for energy storage and cell membranes
What is an amino acid?
Building block of proteins, essential for life
What is a protein?
Large, complex molecule made of amino acids, performs many functions in cells
What is a nucleic acid?
Large molecule that stores genetic information, includes DNA and RNA
This is a complex carbohydrate
Glycogen, starch, or cellulose
A kind of lipid with a carboxyl head and a non polar tail. (Broomstick)
Fatty acid
Amino acids make up
Protein
The type of chemical bond throughout a polypeptide bond.
Hydrogen bond
Nucleic acids make up
Our genetic code, DNA
This is a simple sugar. (monomer)
Glucose
In a phospholipid bilayer, the head is _______ and the tail is _______
Hydrophilic, hydrophobic
Amino acids are connected by
A peptide bond
Why is it hard to define what a protein does?
Because they have so many functions.
ATP stands for
Adenine Triphosphate
Carbohydrates make up the backbone of _____
DNA
2 fatty acid tails joined by a polar head.
Phospholipid
How many amino acids are there?
20
What are the 4 steps of protein folding?
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quartenary
A nucleotide consists of
A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
Muscle and liver cells
This lipid plays an important role in cell structure, specifically the cell membrane.
Phospholipid bilayer
A long chain of amino acids joined by a peptide bond is called
A polypeptide bond
Why is protein folding important?
A protein's specific function is dependent on how it folds.
The 4 types of nitrogenous bases in a nucleic acid are
Adenine (A), Guanine, (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)