Carbohydrates
Simple single-sugar unit acts as the monomer for carbohydrates.
Glucose or surgar
Unlike the other three macromolecule groups, lipids are hydrophobic, meaning they do not dissolve in this substance.
What is water?
This is the chemical process that breaks down a polymer back into monomers by adding a molecule of water.
What is hydrolysis?
These sub-units serve as the individual monomers that link together to build proteins.
What are amino acids?
These double-stranded and single-stranded molecules are the two main types of nucleic acids.
What are DNA and RNA?
While lipids are used for long-term storage, carbohydrates serve as this type of energy source for the body.
A short-term energy storage
What is the cell membrane (or plasma membrane)?
a double layer to form the main structure of this cell part
Of the four main biological macromolecules, this group is unique because its members do not form long repeating polymers from single monomers.
What are lipids?
This specific covalent bond links amino acids together in a chain.
What is a peptide bond?
The primary function of nucleic acids is to store and express this type of information.
What is genetic (or hereditary) information?
What is cellulose?
Tough polysaccharide to build sturdy cell walls.
These two molecules join together to form a typical triglyceride structure.
What are glycerol and fatty acids?
CHNOPS is an acronym used to remember the six primary chemical elements that make up living organisms; these letters stand for Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and this element.
What is Sulfur?
What is Nitrogen?
In addition to Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, proteins always contain this element (and occasionally Sulfur).
What are a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base?
A nucleotide monomer is made of these three components.
What is glycogen?
Store excess glucose in their liver and muscle tissues using this polysaccharide.
What is long-term energy storage?
Compared to carbohydrates, lipids are preferred for this type of energy function because they pack more calories per gram.
What are Marcromolecules?
Large molecules formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
What is denaturation (or denaturing)?
High heat or extreme changes in pH cause a protein to unfold and lose its shape, a process known by this term.
What is uracil?
DNA uses adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, but RNA replaces thymine with this nitrogenous base.
What are the elements of Carbohydrate?
C,H,O
What are the elements of Lipids?
C,H,O
What are the elements of Proteins?
C,H,O,N
What are the elements of Nucleic Acids?
C,H,O,N,P