Carbs
What are the elements of a carbohydrate?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
What are the functions of lipids?
-Long term energy storage
What forms do proteins take?
Collagen
Albumin
Hormones
Hemoglobin
What element is in the center of a nucleic acid?
Carbon
What do DNA and RNA stand for?
DNA - DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
RNA - RiboNucleic Acid
What are the monomers of carbohydrates called?
Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
What are the elements of a lipid?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (many H's, few O's)
What are the functions of proteins?
-collagen is a connective tissue
-albumin helps form blood clots
What forms do nucleic acids take?
DNA and RNA
What is a tryglyceride composed of?
three molecules of fatty acid joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol
What are the polymers of carbohydrates called?
Polysaccharides
What are the monomers of lipids called?
Glycerol and fatty acids (no true monomer)
What are the elements of a protein?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
What are the functions of nucleic acids?
-genetic information
Are lipids polar or nonpolar?
Nonpolar
What forms do carbohydrates take?
Simple Sugars: glucose, fructose, ribose
Disaccharides: Maltose
Polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
What are the polymers of lipids called?
There are none
What are the monomers of proteins called?
Amino acids
What elements make up a nucleic acid?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus
What do the prefixes mono-, poly-, and tri- mean?
mono- - one
poly- - many
tri- - three
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
-Primary Energy Source
-Cellulose forms cell wall of plants
-Chitin forms exoskeleton of arthropods
What forms do lipids take?
Fats, Oils, Waxes, and Steroids
What are the polymers of proteins called?
Polypeptides
What are the monomers of nucleic acids called?
Nucleotides (made of 1 phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base)
What group of macromolecules do enzymes belong to?
Proteins