pH and Buffers
These substances may donate a H+ in solution.
What are acids?
Monomers that make up proteins are called this.
What are amino acids?
Nucleic acids are made up of these monomers.
What are nucleotides?
The monomer of carbohydrates are called this.
What are monosaccharides?
A triglyceride is made up of these molecules/monomers.
What is a glycerol unit and three fatty acids?
On the pH scale, these substances would have a pH of 7.
What are neutral substances?
These bonds join together amino acids.
What are peptide bonds?
In DNA these nitrogen containing bases pair with one another.
What are A and T (adenine and thymine) and G and C (guanine and cytosine)?
This polysaccharide is used for energy storage in animals.
What is glycogen?
Lipids and carbohydrates are very similar in respect to the elements used to make them. That is except lipids have more _________ (element) in comparison to ________ (element) in them than carbohydrates do.
What is hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms?
These substances may release hydroxide (OH-) ions into solution.
What are bases?
These are types of secondary structures in protein formation:___________ and _______________
What are alpha helix and beta pleated sheet?
This modified nucleotide serves as an instant energy source.
What is ATP?
This is the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a simple carbohydrate.
What is 1:2:1 ?
Phospholipids are amphipathic. What does this term mean?
What is the molecule (phospholipid) has a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end.
As one goes up or down the pH scale, one increment at a time, the H+ concentration changes by this many times between each whole number increment.
What is 10x?
The quaternary structure of proteins involve this many polypeptides.
What is 2 or more?
These bonds join together nitrogen containing bases of DNA.
What are Hydrogen bonds?
This polysaccharide helps form structures in plants.
What is cellulose?
Name one hormone that is derived (made from) cholesterol.
What is estrogen or testosterone?
These substances help to control changes in the pH of a system by using weak acids and weak bases; collectively known as this.
What are buffers?
These 4 atoms or molecules are bonded to the central carbon of an amino acid.
What is: a Hydrogen, a carboxylic acid (or carboxyl) group, an amino group, and an R (variable) group?
RNA has this nitrogen containing base, that DNA does not have.
What is uracil?
Name and explain the type of reaction that takes place to break down a polysaccharide into monosaccharides.
What is hydrolysis; this is the addition of water to a polysaccharide causing it to break into monosaccharides.
Lipids may exist as 1) fats, 2)________, 3)________, or 4)______________.
What are oils, waxes, and steroids?