Macromolecules
Carbs/Lipids
Proteins/Nucleic Acids
Enzymes
Random
100
What are the four types of macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
100
Name a food rich in carbohydrates.
Pasta
Bread
Fruit
Potatoes
100
Proteins are made up of smaller building blocks called ____________________.
Amino Acids
100
An enzymes is an example of which macromolecule?
Protein
100
Which macromolecule contains Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Phosphorous?
Examples of this include DNA & RNA.
Nucleic Acids
200
True or False: Macromolecules are VITAL to the survival of living things.
TRUE
200
This macromolecule is not water soluble -- meaning it cannot dissolve in water.
ex. putting oil in water
What are lipids?
200
Name two examples of nucleic acids.
DNA and RNA
200
An enzyme is a biochemical catalyst which ___________________________________.
Speeds up a chemical reaction.
200
_____________ are the compounds that enter into a chemical reaction, while ___________ are the compounds that results from a chemical reaction.
Reactants; Products
300
Which two macromolecules serve as energy sources for cells?
DOUBLE POINTS: How are these energy sources different
Carbohydrates -- quick energy
Lipids -- long term energy storage
300
What are the two main functions of lipids?
Long-term energy storage
Create cell membranes
300
Nucleic acids are made up of smaller units called ____________ which are joined together.
Nucleotides
300
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
By LOWERING the ACTIVATION ENERGY
300
Enzyme activity can be affected by many factors; name TWO ..... name 3 for 100 extra points.
pH, temperature, enzyme/substrate concentration
400
Which 3 elements are found in ALL macromolecules?
BONUS POINTS: All organic molecules contain which TWO elements.
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
BONUS: All organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen.
400
What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
Provide quick energy
400
What is the function of nucleic acids?
To store information in the form of a code ("blueprint for life").
400
The place where an enzymes binds to the substrate is called the ____________________.
Active site
400
Draw an enzymatic reaction. (HINT include: active site, enzyme-substrate complex, enzyme, substrates, products)
See board
500
Name 2-3 functions of proteins.
What is... build muscle, help fight disease, and serve as enzymes to increase reaction rate.
500
Glycerol, starch, and glucose are all...
What are: carbohydrates
500
Describe what lock & key means for enzymes.
Enzymes fit their substrate very specifically, like a lot and key at their active site.
500
What does the term denatured mean? What are two causes of this? What effect does this have on enzyme activity.
If an enzyme is denatured, the enzyme will change shape. This can be caused by high temperature, extreme pH levels, presence of metals, etc. This will cause the enzyme to not work as well.
500
Take a look at this graph of the effect of temperature on enzyme activity.
What is the independent variable (CAUSE)?
What is the dependent variable (EFFECT)?
Where is the enzyme MOST optimal?
Independent Variable - temperature (it is causing a change in the enzyme activity)
Dependent Variable - enzyme activity (it is being affected by temperature)
Optimal - around 35-37 degrees C