Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Enzymes and Chemical Reactions
100
Give an example of a food that is high in carbohydrates.
Bread, pasta, rice, fruit, vegetables
100
What are the monomers of lipids?
Fatty Acids
100
What is the monomer for proteins?
Amino Acids
100
What do nucleic acids make up?
DNA and RNA
100
Which major macromolecules makes enzymes?
Proteins
200
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
Sugars
200
What are two main jobs of lipids in the body?
1. Long term energy storage
2. Insulation
3. Cushioning
4. Make up cell membranes
200
How are proteins made in the body?
From DNA
200
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
200
What is the general role of an enzyme?
To speed up chemical reactions.
300
What is the main function of carbohydrates?
Short term energy
300
Lipids do not mix with water because they are.....
Hydrophobic
Non polar
300
Name three functions of proteins.
1. Transport
2. Support
3. Hormones
4. Genetic Presentation
5. Fight Disease
6. Control Cell Processes
300
Which elements make up nucleic acids?
CHNOP
300
What do you call the beginning and end of chemical reaction?
Reactant (substrate)
Product
400
Draw a picture of a monosaccharide.
400
What are two of the kinds of fats that we see on a nutritional label?
Saturated
Unsaturated
Trans
400
What determines the function of a protein?
The structure and folding.
400
What would someone need to eat in order to consume nucleic acids?
Anything that was alive.
400
How does an enzyme speed up a chemical reaction?
By lowering the activation energy required to get the reaction started.
500
DAILY DOUBLE
What kind of sugar is lactose? And why is it hard for some people to process?
1. Disaccharide
2. They may not produce enough of the enzyme lactase.
500
Give one difference between saturated and unsaturated fats.
1. Saturated has all single bonds, unsaturated has at least one double bond.
2. Saturated are solid at room temperature, unsaturated are liquid.
3. Saturated fats are worse for you than unsaturated.
500
What are the 4 levels of structure to make a protein?
1. amino acid chain
2. folding (beta pleated, alpha helix)
3. 3-D Shape
4. Polypeptides join together
500
What three parts make up a nucleotide?
1. 5 Carbon Sugar
2. Nitrogenous Base (ATGC)
3. Phosphate Group
500
Mrs. Neduva put a stomach acid enzyme in milk. Milk is very basic and stomach acid is very acidic. What is going to happen to the enzyme?
It will become denatured.