Monomers
Carbohydrate monomers
What are monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose)?
Carbohydrate polymers
What are polysaccharides? (starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin)
Short-term energy and providing building blocks for cell structure
What are functions of carbohydrates?
Made of CHO, hydrophilic, polar covalent
What are the properties of carbohydrates?
The difference in DNA and RNA
What is deoxyribose vs. ribose?
Lipid monomers
What are glycerol and fatty acids?
Lipid polymers
What is N/A?
Providing long-term energy, insulation, membrane structure, and producing waxes, hormones, and cholesterol
What are functions of lipids?
Made of CHO, hydrophobic
What are the properties of lipids?
The makeup of nucleic acids
What is the phosphate group?
Protein monomers
What are amino acids?
Protein polymers
What are protein and polypeptide chains?
Building structures, receptors/signals, enzymes, immunity, transporting proteins, muscle movement, and hormones
What are functions of proteins?
Made of CHON, either hydrophobic/hydrophilic depending on amino acids
What are the properties of proteins?
The functional level of proteins
What is the tertiary structure?
Nucleic acid monomers
What are nucleotides?
Nucleic acid polymers
What are DNA and RNA?
Genetic information, determining traits, and aiding the production of proteins
What are functions of nucleic acids?
Made of CHONP, hydrophilic
What are the properties of nucleic acids?
The layer of proteins containing the α-helix and β- pleated sheets
What is the secondary structure?
Building block of the macromolecule
What is the purpose of monomers?
Repeating chain of monomers
What makes up a polymer?
They are essential parts of life; providing fuel, structure support, genetic information. etc.
What is the purpose of macromolecules?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
What is CHONP?
Serves as a nucleotide and an energy molecule
What is ATP?