Bonds and Building
This bond links amino acids together in a polypeptide
What is a peptide bond?
Plants use this polysaccharide for glucose storage.
This part of an amino acid determines most of its unique chemical properties.
What is an R Group?
Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all polymers of this molecule.
What is Glucose
A cell needs compact, long-term energy storage without storing much extra water. It should favor this macromolecule group.
What are lipids?
This reaction builds larger molecules by removing water
What is Dehydration Synthesis
Plants store glucose in linear chains to support their cell walls.
What is Cellulose?
Elements that make up proteins
What is CHON and S?
These two macromolecule groups regularly contain nitrogen in their monomers.
What are proteins and nucleic acids
Adding more carbon-carbon double bonds to fatty acids generally causes this change in membrane fluidity.
What is increased fluidity
This reaction uses water to break polymers into smaller units.
What is Hydrolysis?
What is a Phopholipid?
This unsaturated fatty acid has both carbon chains on the same side of the double bond
What is cis unsaturated?
Unlike a triglyceride, a phospholipid contains this polar feature
What is a phosphate group?
Substrate is plentiful and the amount of enzyme is doubled. This happens to the initial reaction rate.
What is it increases?
Forming one triglyceride from glycerol and three fatty acids releases this many water molecules
Cholesterol and testosterone belong to this class of four-ring lipids.
What are Steroids?
Extreme pH changes an enzyme's shape and causes this loss of normal protein structure.
What is Denaturation?
Amino acid is to protein as this molecule is to DNA.
What is a Nucleotide?
Every active site is occupied. Adding much more substrate will have approximately this effect on reaction rate
What is no effect?
This type of linkage connects monosaccharides in a carbohydrate.
What is a Glycosidic Linkage?
This five-carbon sugar is found in RNA but not DNA.
What is Ribose?
Two proteins contain the same types and numbers of amino acids, but in different orders. This level of protein structure differs.
What is the primary structure
Cellulose provides structural support in plants; this nitrogen-containing polysaccharide performs a similar role in fungi and arthropods.
What is Chitin?
After several days of carbohydrate loading, an athlete gains a small amount of body mass even without gaining fat. Increased storage of this molecule helps explain why.
What is glycogen?