These molecules include water, gases, and carbon dioxide.
What are inorganic molecules?
100
These are the monomers of the four macrmolecules we have been studying.
What are amino acids (proteins), fatty acids (lipids), monosaccharides (carbohydrates), and nucleotides (nucleic acids)?
100
This is the nucleotide which releases its energy when the end phosphate bond of a triphosphate nucleic acid is broken.
What is ATP?
100
Give an explanation as to why it is beneficial for someone about to play a basketball game to eat carbohydrates?
What is that carbohydrates are easily broken down, so they supply a quick source of energy?
100
Give the names of the processes which build and break down organic molecules, as well as what substance is key to thiese processes.
What are dehydration synthesis, hydrolysis, and water?
200
This is why ethane is different from methane, and butane is different from propane.
What is the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule?
200
This is the reason why people with more fat on their bodies tend to float better than people with more muscle.
What is the fact that muscle in much denser than fat?
200
These are the chemical/physical agents that caused the unfolding of polypeptide bonds.
What are denaturants?
200
Give the reason that the body is able to digest food EFFECTIVELY.
What is that some proteins act as enzymes, which speed up chemical processes such as breaking down food?
200
List the two complementary base pairs for DNA.
What are adenine-thymine (AT) and cytosine-guanine (CG)?
300
This is a similarity between buckyballs and graphite.
What is that they are both carbon allotropes?
300
These are the components of a nucleic acid that you would separate from one another due to the breaking of their bonds via hydrolysis.
What are a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base?
300
These are the two purines that can be bonded to a 5-carbon sugar in a nucleic acid.
What are adenine and guanine?
300
Give the reason that biomass is essential for all life.
What is the fact that carbon can form four different covalent bonds, making it a major piece of some complex chemical reactions that organisms need to survive, such as cellular respiration?
300
List five functions of nucleic acids.
What are to store genetic code, carry DNA’s message out of the nucleus, to be the structural components of ribosomes, to aid in the translation of mRNA’s message, and to be an energy carrier?
400
These are things that would occur if carbon was completely removed from our atmosphere (List three).
What is the death of trees, impossible for agriculture, end of vegetarianism, anarchy, fighting for resources, inevitable death, etc.?
400
These are found in high concentrations in our adipose tissue.
What are triglycerides?
400
This is the reason lipids can hold three times more energy than proteins or carbohydrates.
What is that lipids are made up of carbon-hydrogen bonds?
400
Give the reason why continous muscle contractions can kill an organism.
What is that muscle contractions use ATP, and therefore can deplete an organism's supply of ATP which it cannot live without?
400
If too much fat is bad for you, than give the explanation of what would occur if you have too little fat.
What is that you will lack the essential functions that fat provides, resulting in less energy, the ability to hurt yourself more easily due to lack of cushion, and dry/brittle skin due to lack of insulation?
500
This is why diamond knives are typically used in biology.
What are the strong C-C bonds that prevent impurities?
500
This is what occurs when amphipathic phospholipids are placed in oil.
What is that their hydrophilic phosphate groups (heads) gather together with their hydrophobic fatty acids (tails) on the outside?
500
Create a diagram of a triglyceride, and explain what each part is.
What is a 3-carbon glycerol backbone bonded to 3 fatty acids?
500
Using what you have learned about lipids, explain why shortening is bad for you.
What is that shortening is made with hydrogenated oil, or trans fats, which raise your bad cholesterol, building up and blocking blood vessels?
500
Describe the journey you would go on if you were a "messenger" ribonucleic acid.
What is that you would first receive DNA's encoded message inside of the nucleus, then travel outside of the nucleus through the cytoplasm, and finally bind to a ribosome to be read?