A water molecule is considered to be neutral in charge and _________.
Polar
100
What are the main functions of carbohydrates?
-Energetic fuel source
-energy storage
-structural building blocks
100
This nucleic acid is a key player in protein synthesis. It carries the message from DNA to cell.
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
100
What is the name of two or more amino acids bonded together?
Peptide Bond
100
The C-H bonds in Lipids are non-polar thus making Lipids "afraid" of water (insoluble in water). What is this property called?
Hydrophobic
200
What are the type of bonds that Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms share in water?
Covalent Bonds
200
Glucose and Fructose are examples of ___________________. They are major nutrients for the cells and they consist of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
Monosaccharides
200
What is the type of sugar that is specific to DNA?
Deoxyribose
200
A complete folded 3D structure of this major macromolecule is called?
Protein
200
What is a common example of Lipids?
Fat (Butter, Oils, etc.)
300
What makes water (or any other molecule) POLAR?
-The uneven pattern of electric charge
-The covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen result in UNEVEN sharing
300
List three examples of disaccharides.
Sucrose, maltose, lactose
300
What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?
Nucleoside: nitrogenous base + sugar
Nucleotide: nitrogenous base + sugar + phosphate group
300
A chain of many amino acids is connected in a specific sequence is called a ________________.
Polypeptide Chain
300
The fat that is stored for long periods of time in humans and other animals is a form of what?
long term energy storage
400
What is a uniform mixture of molecules consisting of 2 or more substances called?
A solution
400
These are the long polymers of monosaccharides and are formed by dehydration reactions.
Polysaccharides
400
The structure of pyrimidines consists of __ rings and contain which nitrogenous bases?
1 Ring; Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil
400
This special type of a polypeptide chain winds clockwise like a spiral staircase. It is specific to the secondary structure of protein organization.
Alpha Helices
400
What is the FAT with one fatty acid replaced by a phosphate group? An abundance of them make up the bilayer of the cell.
Phospholipid
500
What is the difference between a solute and solvent? Give an example of each.
A solute is a substance that is present in lesser amounts. A solvent is a substance present in the greatest amount.
500
___________ are formed by ___ mono saccharides by a dehydration reaction. This bond between the monosaccharides is called a ___________.
Disaccharides; 2 ; Glycosidic Linkage
500
The _________ group is attached to the ___ carbon on one sugar and the ___ carbon of the next sugar. This bond between these carbons and sugars are called _________.
Phosphate; 5' ; 3' ; Phosphate Linkage/Bond
500
**DOUBLE JEOPARDY! For 1000 points!**
Come up to the board and write 3 main protein functions. Give an example of each.
Transport, Hormonal, Membrane proteins, Movement, Defense, Metabolism, etc.
500
A fatty acid that forms straight chains and contains no double bonds in carbon chains are solid at room temperature. The consumption of a large amount of these fats are not good for you.