Maddie Study Guide

Fill In The Blank

100

Motion happens within a________ and around an axis that is ___________

 plane ; perpendicular to the plane

200

_______ is the most commonly fractured bone of the wrist.

Scaphoid bone

300

All muscles of the triangle are innervated by the  ______

suboccipital nerve

400

During herniated disc, ___________ during herniation due to weakness of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

 protrudes posteriorly and laterally ; weakness of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

500

________ can compress median nerve and cause carpal tunnel syndrome

anterior dislocation

600

Ligaments of the Vertebral Column:

1. Costotransverse Ligament 

2. Interspinous LIgament 

3. Supraspinous Ligament 

4. __________________ 

5. __________________ (prevents hyperflexion)

6. __________________ (prevents hyperextension and often damaged in whiplash accidents)

1. Ligamentum Flavum

2. Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

3. Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Borders

100

Please name the borders for the Quadrangular Space

HINT: There are 4, as well as contents

• Inferior → teres major 

• Superior → teres minor

• Lateral → humerus 

• Medial → long head of triceps

• Contents: posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary n. 

200

Please name the borders of the Inferior Lumbar Triangle (Triangle of Petit)

BONUS: Explain the 2 POPS that occur in a lumbar puncture

• Inferior → iliac crest

• Medial → lateral border of latissimus dorsi

• Lateral → posterior border of external abdominal oblique

• Floor → internal abdominal oblique 

BONUS

• Pop 1 = ligamentum flavum

• Pop 2 = pierces dura into subarachnoid space

300

Please name the borders of the subausculation triangle

• Medial border → lateral border of trapezius

• Inferior border → superior border of latissimus

• Lateral border → medial border of the scapula 

400

Please name the borders of the Sub-occipital Triangle

+ Include the roof and floor in your answer

• Medial border → rectus capitis major posterior 

• Lateral border → superior oblique capitis 

• Inferior border → inferior oblique capitis 

• Roof → semispinalis

• Floor → posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

• Contents:

500

Name the borders of the Cubital Fossa:

BONUS: Is the Ulnar nerve a content of the cubital fossa? Explain

• Superior: imaginary line between the lateral and medial epicondyle 

• Lateral: brachioradialis

• Medial: pronator teres

• Contents: radial nerve, biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve 

• Note: Ulnar Nerve is not a content of the cubital fossa → it sits in a groove posterior to the medial epicondyle 

BONUS: Ulnar Nerve is not a content of the cubital fossa → it sits in a groove posterior to the medial epicondyle

600

Please describe the 3 branches of the axillary artery, and what divides them

• divided into 3 regions by pectoralis minor

  • 1st segment: superior thoracic artery 

  • 2nd segment: thoracoacromial artery, long thoracic artery

  • 3rd segment: anterior and posterior circumflex artery, subscapular 

#s and Letters

100

Name the 4 ribs that articulate with one vertebral segment only 

1, 10, 11, 12

200

Neurologic Testing (deep tendon reflexes)

• Biceps Reflex (C5/C6)

• Triceps Reflex (primarily C7)

300

Give the nerves and the functions of the Serratus Anterior

• N - Long Thoracic Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

• F - holds scapula against thoracic cage 

400

Name the 6 Key Dermatomes and their location

• Key Dermatomes

• 
  

  • T4 = nipple

  • T10 = navel

  • T12 = above the pubis

  • L5 = hallux

  • C7 = middle finger

  • C8 = little finger

500

Please explain the difference between the hangman fracture and Jefferson fracture

Hangman Fracture → bilateral fracture of the pedicles or laminae of C2 

Jefferson Fracture → C1 

600

AA Subluxation →.   ____________

occurs from trauma (rupture of cruciform ligament) or RA

Fun Names

100

Finkelstein Test

De Quervain’s Disease

200

Colles Fracture

Dinner fork (due to posterior displacement)

300

Claw Hand

Dejerine-Klumpke Paralysis

400

Explain the lateral, medial, contents and floor of the  Anatomical Snuff Box 

• Lateral: APL + EPB

• Medial: EPL

• Contents: Radial Nerve and Radial Artery 

• Floor: Scaphoid and Trapezium

500

Erb-Duchenne Paralysis

Waiters Tip

600

Differentiate the Spondylosis, Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis 

1. Spondylosis → age related degeneration of the IV discs

2. Spondylolisthesis → fracture that causes an anterior displacement of the vertebra

3. Spondylolysis → stress fracture

Nerves and Functions

100

Latissimus Dorsi

• N - Thoracodorsal Nerve 

• F - adduction and extension of the UE

200

Trapezius

• N - Spinal Accessory Nerve 

• F - elevate the shoulder, pull the scapula backwards 

300

Rhomboid Major and Minor

• Rhomboid Major and Minor

  • N - dorsal scapular nerve 

  • F  - Retract and fix scapula 

400

What is the function of the Rectus Capitis Major and Minor

• Rectus Capitis Major - F - extension of the neck, rotation, lateral flexion (sidebending)

• Rectus Capitis Minor - F - extension of the neck

500

What is the function of both the Obliquus Capitis Inferior and Superior

Superior : lateral flexion (sidebending) of neck

Inferior : F - rotation of the neck 

600

Levator Scapula

N - C3 and C4

F - elevation of the scapula