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Both oral and intravenous magnesium prevent what complication after coronary artery bypass surgery?
Arrhythmias
Fill in the blank:
Meta-analysis showed that circulating magnesium levels in people with _________ were significantly lower than healthy controls.
prediabetes
In patients with nephrolithiasis, Mg may inhibit the formation of what type of stone?
Calcium oxalate
Mag deficiency has been corrleated with which type(s) of headaches?
migraines, tension, and cluster headaches
Mg is a cofactor for which enzyme involved in bone remodeling?
Alkaline phosphatase
A meta-analysis of 22 RCTs (n= 1173) showed that 370mg/day elemental magnesium decreased SBP by what amount?
3-4mmHg
Fill in the blank:
In a pooled analysis of three cohorts (n>17,000), the group in the highest quintile of dietary intake of magnesium had a ____% lower chance of type 2 diabetes than the lowest quintile group.
15%
In a cross-sectional study of over 6200 subjects, the incidence of kidney stones decreased by what percent, when comparing the lowest quartile to the highest quartile of serum magnesium after accounting for confounders such as age and alcohol and tobacco?
38%
Dietary data on over 3000 participants from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) conducted 2001-2004, concluded that insufficient dietary magnesium intake is associated with higher risk for migraines in American adults of what age range?
20-50 years old.
In a double-blind trial, supplementation with what dose of Mg over 3 weeks significantly improved asthma sx (lower points on asthma sx score), compared with placebo.
400mg per day
In a DBPCT of 200 nulliparous women, what dose of Mg prevented increased BP among those who had an increase in serum Mg levels as a result of supplementation?
400mg daily
Mg supplementation in patients with T2DM demonstrated improved levels of IL-6 and what other molecule, when compared to placebo?
vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (CVAM-1)
According to a DBPCT there was a 73.9% lower incidence of recurrent calculi formation in participants treated with what dose of magnesium hydroxide?
1300 mg
In double-blind trials, magnesium supplementation significantly decreased the frequency and/or the severity of migraines in adults suffering from recurrent migraines. What dosage was trialed in the study?
The dosage was 360-600mg per day for adults
In a meta-analysis of 8 trials that included 917 patients with asthma, oral magnesium was observed to improve FEV1 by what amount after eight weeks of treatment?
5.69%
In a meta-analysis of 15 studies, there was a reduced incidence of stroke by what amount when the highest intake of dietary/supplemental magnesium was compared to the lowest?
11%
In a RDBPCT of 60 participants with T2DM and CAD, 250mg of Mg when co-supplemented with 150mg of what other mineral resulted in significant decreases in CRP?
zinc sulfate
In a DBPCT trial of subjects with a history of calcium oxalate stones, what supplement when taken daily for up to 3 years reduced the risk of recurrence by 85%?
potassium-magnesium citrate (42 mEq. potassium, 21 mEq. magnesium, and 63 mEq. citrate)
In double-blind trials, magnesium supplementation significantly decreased the frequency and/or the severity of migraines in children suffering from recurrent migraines. What dose was trialed?
9 mg/kg
A UK cohort study found that magnesium serum concentrations had an inverse relationship with fracture incidence in adults at which 3 specific anatomic sites?
Spine, hip, and wrist (p =0.02).
Both IV and oral Mg have been found to prevent arrhythmias after CABG. What was the prevalence of arrhythmia in the IV and oral groups?
A prevalence of arrhythmia of 13.9% and 6.5% was noticed in IV and oral groups, respectively.
In addition to reduction of CRP, Magnesium supplementation has been shown to significantly improve what other outcome?
Beck depression inventory scale and increases in total nitrite and antioxidant capacity when compared to placebo.
In a DBPCT that found a lower incidence of recurrent calculi formation in participants treated with Mg, a prescription medication was found to outperform Mg supplementation. What percent fewer calculi were found in this pharmaceutical group?
90% fewer calculi in the group treated with chlorthalidone.
A randomized controlled double blind cross-over study that found that 500 mg of daily magnesium oxide was as effective in prevention of migraines as what dose of what specific prescription medication?
800mg of valproate
The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is responsible for reabsorbing about 70% of filtered magnesium. What complex, found in the ascending loop of Henle, forms a cation-selective pore that facilitates paracellular magnesium reabsorption.
the claudin 16–claudin 19 complex