Magnetic Forces & Fields
Magnetism is classified as this type of force because it can push or pull objects without touching them.
What is a noncontact force?
This basic rule governs how two positive electric charges interact when brought near each other.
What is they repel each other (like charges repel)?
These three basic components are required to create a functioning, simple closed circuit.
What are an energy source (battery), an electric device (bulb/motor), and a conductor (wire)?
The magnetic field around a straight, current-carrying wire forms this geometric shape.
What are concentric circles?
The magnetic field lines around a bar magnet are closest together at this part of the magnet.
What are the poles?
These are the three primary ferromagnetic metals that are strongly attracted to magnets.
What are Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt?
Materials like rubber, glass, and plastic are classified as these because they resist the flow of electric charges.
What are electric insulators?
When a circuit switch is opened or a wire is cut, it creates this type of circuit, causing the current flow to immediately stop.
What is an open circuit?
An electric motor converts electrical energy into this form of energy.
What is mechanical (or kinetic) energy?
To increase the magnetic potential energy between a North pole and a South pole, you must move them in this direction.
What is further apart (pulling them apart)?
Sprinkling iron filings around a bar magnet reveals that the magnetic field is strongest at these two specific locations.
What are the North and South poles?
Electric field lines point in this direction relative to a positive point charge.
What is outward / away from the charge?
Connecting multiple batteries end-to-end in this arrangement adds their voltages together and makes a lightbulb glow much brighter.
What is a series arrangement?
You can increase the strength of an electromagnet by adding more wire loops, increasing voltage, or placing this type of material inside the coil.
What is a ferromagnetic core (e.g., an iron nail)?
An iron nail is pulled toward a magnet while a plastic pen is not because the iron nail contains these atomic structures that can align.
What are magnetic domains?
In an unmagnetized piece of iron, these tiny regions of atomic magnetism point in random directions, but they line up when magnetized.
What are magnetic domains?
This method of charging transfers electric charges through direct physical contact between conductors.
What is conduction?
If an engineer wants to design an emergency beacon to last for as many days as possible without changing batteries, they should use this battery configuration.
What is a parallel arrangement?
Maglev trains use powerful electromagnets to levitate above the tracks, achieving extreme speeds by eliminating this force.
What is mechanical friction?
Pushing two North poles closer together causes this change in the system's magnetic potential energy.
What is an increase in magnetic potential energy?
To increase the magnetic potential energy between two like magnetic poles, you must move them in this direction relative to each other.
What is closer together (pushing them together)?
Unlike conduction, this process rearranges the electric charges inside a neutral object without direct contact, using the electric field of a nearby charged object.
What is induction?
Connecting batteries in parallel keeps the overall voltage equal to a single battery, but achieves this major benefit for the system.
What is increasing the battery lifespan/runtime (dividing the current load)?
Unlike batteries which supply Direct Current (DC), electric generators produce this type of current that constantly reverses direction in a repeating pattern?
What is Alternating Current (AC)?
When iron filings are scattered around a magnet, the density or concentration of filings indicates this property of the magnetic field.
What is the field strength (or force intensity)?