Relevance & Results
Educators need to show why the topic is relevant, why it matters, why they should care. According to Eric Toshalis, failing to do this is a recipe for _____ & _____. Pg 115
Diminished motivation & outright resistance
Education is essentially a "___" enterprise. Pg 116
Social
Learners are motivated by _____, not easy tasks. Pg 117
Achievable challenges
Establishing schools, classrooms, rules, curricula, procedures, and behavioral norms based on limited and exclusionary standards that basically privilege the privileged will ____. Pg 117
"invariably alienate and eventually demotivate the marginalized."
"Dog doo good god!", a sentence that reads the same backwards and forwards, is an example of this literary device.
What is a palindrome?
When students are choosing whether to allocate time and energy to an academic task, they need experiences of ____. Pg 115
Competence
Students tend to learn the fastest and most deeply from those with whom ______. Pg 116
They have a connection
Struggling students need to be shown they can _____ . Pg 117
"do it, and then challenged to prove it,while being inspired by attentive guides, encouraged by collaborative peers, and recognized by a welcoming community."
When students are treated as "others" in a learning context, they ____. Pg 118
"May become resistant to what that context asks of them."
Sleepy, Happy, Sneezy, Grumpy, Dopey, Doc. Name of the missing person.
Who is Bashful?
To stay motivated and reduce resistance, students need "____" as they go along. Pg 115
"little wins"
As educators, we're not our students friends, we're not their parents, but we are_____. Pg 116
In relationship with them, and that means we need to take time to address the “touchy-feely” stuff.
Students may not say it, but they know at some level that ____. Pg 117
"it’s intellectually insulting to be given work that is beneath them."
As educators we need to be careful of carelessly or relentlessly advocating _____. Pg 118
White, middle-class, heterosexual, English-speaking, Christian norms while failing to solicit and honor students from other backgrounds.
The number that comes next in this series: 7, 42, 210, 840, 2520, 5040, 5040,…….
What is 0?
How can we as educators show our students that their applied effort is paying off in the present? Pg 115
by checking for understanding and then noting when students have demonstrated growth or by recalling where they were previously in their understanding and comparing it with where they are now.
"___" of relationships can motivate students to invest in, rather than reject, their connections to others and to school. Pg 116
"Give-and-take"
Students who struggle academically do not need _____ as much as they need ____ and more varied and consistent support so they can develop and catch up. Pg 117
Remediation / Rigor
Students tend to be most motivated to learn in settings where ____. Pg 117
"familiarity and safety are pervasive"
In Prokofiev's "symphonic fairy tale" Peter and the Wolf, the oboe represents this animal, which—spoiler alert—is eaten by the wolf after jumping out of the pond.
What is a duck?
"teasers" are a great way for teachers to raise their students levels of ___&___. pg 115
concern & their interest in the task at hand
Sharing power, negotiating rules and procedures, being open to conversations in which students get to name their concerns and needs, or to actually apologize to our students when we have made a mistake can communicate to our students that "_____". Pg 117
"They are agents in their relationships with us, not objects."
Research suggests grouping and tracking _____________ is the exact opposite of what students most need. Pg 117
"underperforming students into environments of lower expectations and reduced autonomy"
To diminish the possibility that their resistance will take the form of underachievement, we need to be ____. Pg 118
Responsive to the variety of home cultures and the many insights, skills, and other contributions that spring from this variety.
The percentage of your brain made of fat
What is 60%?