General
How many letters and sounds are in the arabic alphabet?
There are 29 letters and 28 sounds.
How many letters live in the Jawf?
Three
How many letters live in the Throat?
Six letters
What are the four major area the tongue is divided into?
Deepest part of the tongue, middle of the tongue, tip of the tongue, edges of the tongue
How many letters live in the lips?
Four letters
All arabic letters have which TWO characteristics?
Articulation point (makhraj) and Sifaat (characteristics)
Name the letters that live in the Jawf
Alif, Waw Madd and Yaa Madd
Name the letters in the Throat
Describe how to get the sound for the two letters that live in the deepest part of the tongue.
ق
Back of the tongue touches the soft palette of the roof of the mouth
ك
Back of the tongue touches area b/w the soft and hard palette of the roof of the mouth
Name the four letters that live in the lips
ب
و
م
ف
What does SPECIFIC and APPROXIMATE mean when we speak about the classification of articulation points? Give an example of each.
Specific: Comes from a specific area
Examples:
Letters that come from the throat, tongue and lips
Approximate: Doesn’t come from a specific area
Examples:
How do we get the Alif madd sound, and how do we distinguish it from a normal alif (in the Quran)?
Opening of mouth, not too wide and not too closed, but in between
The letter before the ا has a fatha, and the ا itself has a sukoon
Describe how to get the sounds for the two letters that live in the deepest part of the throat.
ء
ه
Describe how to get the sound for the three letters that live in the middle of the tongue.
ي
Middle of the tongue towards the hard palette
Point where it is produced is slightly behind ش and ج
ش
Middle of the tongue towards the hard palette
ج
Middle of the tongue must touch the hard palette
Describe how to get the sound of the three letters that live between the two lips.
و
Open lips slightly while forming an “o” shape
م
Pressing the two lips together and doing ghunnah through the nasal cavity
ب
Pressing the two lips together and releasing them to let out a gush of air
What is the khayshoom, are there letters in there, what is it's purpose and what is it's classification?
Nasal cavity
No letters live in it
Purpose: to produce ghunnah (nasalisation)
Classification: approximate
How do we get the Wow madd sound, and how do we distinguish it from a normal alif (in the Quran)?
Same as Alif, but your lips are in an “o” shape
The letter before the و has a dhammah, and the و has a sukoon
Describe how to get the sounds for the two letters that live in the middle of the throat.
ح
ع
Describe how to get the sound for the two letters that use the edge of the tongue.
ل
Front edge of the tongue is raised and pressing against the alveolar ridge - boney part behind your front teeth
ض
Comes from one or both sides of the tongue pressing the gum area next to your upper molars, while raising the back of your tongue
Describe how to get the sound of the one letter that uses the inner bottom lip.
ف
Upper front teeth touch the inner part of the bottom lip
How do we get the Yaa madd sound, and how do we distinguish it from a normal alif (in the Quran)?
Same as Alif, but your middle of the tongue is raised
The letter before the ي has a kasra, and the ي itself has a sukoon
Describe how to get the sounds for the two letters that live in the top of the throat.
خ
غ
Mention the letters in the 5 groups/articulation points we see in the tip of the tongue.
Bonus 200 points if you can talk about how to get the sound for ALL 11 letters...
1- ط,د,ت
, 2- ن
, 3- ص,ز,س
, 4- ر
, 5- ظ,ذ, ث