What Is an Inference?
What is an inference?
A conclusion based on evidence and prior knowledge
What should you always include when explaining an inference?
Text evidence
If a character slams the door and yells, what can you infer?
They are angry
If the sky is dark and thunder is rumbling, what mood is created?
Suspenseful or scary
“Maria looked at the clock and grabbed her backpack quickly.” What can you infer?
She is late or in a hurry
What two things do you combine to make an inference?
Text evidence + background knowledge
Which is better evidence: “I think so” or a quote from the text?
A quote from the text
If a character shares their lunch, what trait might they have?
Kind or generous
If a story takes place in a bright park with laughter, what mood is likely?
Happy or cheerful
“The dog wagged its tail and jumped on its owner.” What can you infer?
The dog is excited or happy
True or False: An inference must be directly stated in the text
False
If a character is “shivering and wearing a coat,” what can you infer?
They are cold
If a character avoids eye contact and speaks quietly, what can you infer?
They are nervous or shy
How does setting help you make inferences?
It gives clues about mood and events
“James stared at his test paper and sighed.” What can you infer?
He is frustrated or unsure
What is the difference between an inference and a guess?
An inference is based on evidence; a guess is not
Why is citing evidence important on STAAR?
It proves your thinking is correct
What can actions reveal about a character?
Their personality or feelings
If a house is described as “abandoned and silent,” what can you infer?
No one lives there / something eerie
“The shelves were empty and the lights were off.” What can you infer?
The store is closed
Why do authors expect readers to make inferences?
To understand deeper meaning not directly stated
What kind of details help support strong inferences?
Specific, relevant details from the text
If a character lies to protect a friend, what can you infer?
They are loyal but may struggle with honesty
Why do authors describe settings in detail?
To help readers infer mood and meaning
“She practiced every day for weeks before the big game.” What can you infer?
She is dedicated and wants to succeed