Major approaches to management
Taylor's four scientific management principles
What is
1. Develop a science for each element of an individuals work to replace the old rule of thumb method
2. Scientifically select, train, teach, teach and develop
3. Heartily cooperate with the workers to ensure all work is done in accordance with the principles of the science that has been developed
4. Divide work and responsibility almost equally between management and workers
Definition of strategic management
What is..
What managers do to develop the organizations strategies
Group definiton and formal/informal groups
What is...
Group def: two or more interacting and interdependent individuals who come together to achieve specific goals
Formal: Work together at work place
Informal: people we are more comfortable with
Leader/leadership and leadership traits (8)
Leader: Someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority
Leadership: A process of influencing a group to achieve goals
Leadership traits:
1. Drive
2. Desire to lead
3. Honesty and integrity
4. Self confidence
5. Intelligence
6. Job Relevant knowledge
7. Extraversion
8. Proneness to guilt
Importance of HRM (3)
What is ...
1. Can be significant source of competetive advantage
2. Important part of org. strategies
3. The way organizations treat their employees can have significant impact on performance
System approach (Contemporary approaches)
What is...
- Closed systems: system that is not influenced by and does not interact with environment
- Open systems: system that does
Importance of strategic management (3)
What is
1. Positive impact on performance
2. Helps managers decide how to act in the face of change and uncertainty
3. Helps complex and diverse to work together
Types of conflict (3)
What is:
1. Task conflict
2. Relationship conflict
3. Process conflict
Transformational/transcational leadership.
Charismatic and visionary leadership
Authentic leadership
What is..
Transformational: leaders who stimulates/inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes
Transactional: leaders who lead primarily by using social exchanges
Charismatic: An enthusiastic self confident leader who's personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways
Visionary: Ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible and attractive vision of the future that improves upon the present situation
Authentic leadership: Those who know who they are, what they believe and act on those values/beliefs
5 of the High-Performance Work Practises (10) and definition
Whats is..
Work practises that lead to both high individual and high organizational performance
1. Self-managed teams
2. Decentralized decision making
3. Training programs to develop knowledge, skills and abilities
4. Flexible job assignments
5. Open communication
6. Performance based compensation
7. Staffing based on person-job and person-org fit
8. Extensive employee involvement
9. Giving employees more control over decision making
10. Increasing employees access to info
Parts of Weber's Bureaucracy (6)
What is...
1. Division of Labour
2. Career orientation
3. Impersonality
4. Formal rules and regulations
5. Formal selection
6. Authority Hierarchy
Definition of functional and competetive strategies (4) and the roles of it
What is...
Competetive: What is a strategy for how an organization will compete in its businesses.
1. What sets an organization apart
2. Types of competetive advantage
3. Substaining competetive advantage
Competetive strategies:
1. Cost leadership
2. Differentation
3. Focus strategy
4. Stuck in the middle
Functional strategies: A strategy used by an organizations various functional apartments to support the competetive strategy
Stages of group development (5)
What is..
1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning
Defintion of trust. Dimensions(5) of trust and how to build it(8)
What is...
The belief in the integrity, character and ability of a leader
Dimensions of trust:
1. Integrity
2. Competence
3. Consistency
4. Loyalty
5. Openness
Build trust:
1. Practice openness
2. Show consistency
3. Be fair
4. Fulfill your promises
5. Speak your feelings
6. Maintain confidences
7. Tell the truth
8. Demonstrate competence
Definition of selection and the selection tools (6)
What is..
Def: Screening job applicants to ensure the most appropriate candidates are hired
1. application forms
2. written tests
3. performance simulation
4. interviews
6. background investigations
7. physical examinations
6 Characteristics of Total Quality Management (Behavioural approach)
What is...
1. Intense focus on customers
2. Concern for continual improvement
3. Process focused
4. Improvement in quality of everything the org. does
5. Accurate measurement
6. Empowerment of employees
Corporate strategies (7)
What is
1. Growth strategy
2. Concentration
3. Vertical integration
4. Horizontal integration
5. Diversification
6. Renewal strategy
7. Stability strategy
Types of work teams (4) and how to create effective work teams (8)
What is..
1. Problem solving team
2. Self-managed team
3. Cross functional team
4. Virtual
What is.
1. Clear goals
2. Relevant skills
3. Mutual trust
4. Unifies commitment
5. Good communication
6. Negotiating skills
7. Appropriate leadership
8. Internal and external support
Managing power (5)
What is
1. Legitimate power
2. Coercive power
3. Reward Power
4. Expert power
5. Referent power
Types of training (2), traditional training methods (6) and technology based methods (4)
What is.
Specific and General training
Se billede
Definition and variables (4) of contingency approach (contemporary approaches)
What is how organizations are different, they face different situations and need different managing.
1. Organization size
2. Routiness of task technology
3. Environmental uncertainty
4. Individual differences
Strategic Management Process (6 steps)
What is
Step 1: Identify current mission, goal and strategies
Step 2: External analysis (OT)
Step 3: Internal analysis (SW)
Step 4: Formulating strategies (corporate, competitive, functional)
Step 5: Implement strategies
Step 6: Evaluate results
Difference between work teams and work groups
What is:
Se billede:
Path-Goal-Model
What is..
Says a leaders job is to assist followers, provide direction and support for followers
Leader behaviour
1. Directive
2. Supportive
3. Participative
4. Achievement oriented
Environmental contingency factors
Subordinate contingency factors
Outcomes
Def. of employee Performance Management and Performance appraisal methods (7)
What is...
Def: Establishes performance standards used to evaluate employees performance
Se billede