Chapter 6
Identifying and selecting appropriate goals and courses of action; is one of the four principal tasks of management.
What is planning?
A formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates organizational members so that they work together to achieve organizational goals.
What is organizational structure?
The movement of an organization away from its present state and toward some desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness.
What is organization change?
Psychological forces determine the direction of a person's behavior in an organization, a person's level of effort, and a person's level of persistence.
What is motivation?
A cluster of decisions about what goals to pursue, what actions to take, and how to use resources to achieve goals.
What is strategy?
The process of reducing the number of tasks that each worker performs.
What is job simplification?
A fast revolutionary approach to change in which top managers identify what needs to be changed and then move quickly to implement the changes throughout the organization.
What is top-down change?
Behavior that is performed for its own sake.
What is intrinsically motivated behavior?
A broad declaration of an organization's purpose that identifies the organization's products and customers and distinguishes the organization from its competitors.
What is a mission statement?
Increasing the number of different tasks in a given job by changing the division of labor.
What is job enlargement?
A gradual or evolutionary approach to change in which managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan or change.
What is bottom-up change?
Behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards to avoid punishment.
What is extrinsically motivated behavior?
A planning exercise in which managers identify organization strengths, weaknesses, environmental opportunities, and threats.
What is a SWOT analysis?
Increasing the degree of responsibility a worker has over his or her job.
What is job enrichment?
The process of comparing one company's performance on specific dimensions with the performance of other, high-performing organizations.
What is benchmarking?
Behavior that is performed to benefit or help others.
What is prosocially motivated behavior
Making products at home and selling them abroad, and selling products at home that are made abroad.
What is exporting and importing?
The power to hold people accountable for their actions and to make decisions concerning the use of organizational resources.
What is authority?
To use outside suppliers and manufacturers to produce goods and services.
What is outsourcing?
Anything a person gets from a job or an organization.
What is the outcome?