General Knowledge
When you flatten a sphere into a 2-dimensional map, this is to be expected, but it is more significant in maps of larger areas.
Distortion
A special kind of map that shows the earth's surface as it appears from space; the true shape of continents and oceans on the surface of a sphere.
A globe
What does GIS stands for?
Geographic Information System
These professionals create maps and use map projections to transfer points from a sphere (earth) to a plane (map).
Cartographers
This map shows names, boundaries, and shapes of countries, states counties, cities, and towns established by local, state or national governments.
Political map
Where you would be standing on the globe if you were at 0 degrees latitude.
The equator
A map projection with its point of contact in the center of North America.
Oblique
Why is GIS organized as layers that can be turned on and off?
To observe the relationships between different kinds of data.
There are at least 24 of these orbiting the earth to provide signals that allow GPS navigation to work right.
Satellites
Used in mapping the ocean floor.
Acoustic sensing
North, south, east, and west are known as this type of direction.
Cardinal directions
Maps of the polar regions use this type of projection.
Gnomic (or polar projection)
The ratio of two numbers that indicate the relative size and detail of the features shown on a map.
Scale
The highest possible number for a longitude reading.
180 degrees
An arrow on a map points in this direction.
North
This map displays elevation and landform information, using contour lines or landform shading.
Topographic map
A boxed area where all the symbols and colors are defined.
Legend
The degree of longitude of the Prime Meridian in Greenwich, England
0 degree
Lines on a map connecting points of equal elevation.
Contour lines
The international date line (where a new day starts at midnight, roughly 180 meridian) passes through this ocean.
Pacific Ocean
The only ways GIS data are stored.
Points, lines, or polygons
Precise latitude and longitude coordinates of your location
Geographic Position
The number of nautical miles of one degree on the earth.
60
Known geographic locations used for surveying often bronze disks fastened to rock or small concrete monuments.
Benchmarks
These lines are parallel to the equator.
Latitude lines or parallels
The data type in which railroad tracks would be displayed in a GIS map
A line
This 1761 invention enabled sailors to accurately determine longitude.
Seagoing Clocks
A map that shows a smaller area so the features in that area appear larger.
A large scale map
Name two of the instruments or techniques used to gather data for a GIS.
LIDAR, radar, sonar, or surveying