The UNIA
The UNIA was first formed in Jamaica in what year?
1914
"...Again I say great principles, great ideals know no nationality. I know no national boundary where the Negro is concerned. The whole world is my province until Africa is free.
Marcus Garvey did not see Black people in other countries as different or separate and apart...
"The fact that the black man was a consumer and not an independent producer worried him. "Let Edison or [Ga Power] turn off his electric light and we are in darkness in Liberty Hall in two minutes," he once said, "The Negro is living on borrowed goods.""
Dependency on the white man is a constant reminder of how fragile Black existence is in America.
What is the connect between Marcus Garvey-UNIA-African Orthodox Church?
The head of UNIA felt sure that the God of peace and justice stood behind him and his movement. More important, this God was a Black God, and a Black God required a Black church. The logical outgrowth of this conviction was a close affiliation between UNIA and the African Orthodox Church.
This other Newspaper was also produced by UNIA.
The Black Man
Marcus Garvey arrived in the U.S. in what year?
1916
"Prejudice of the white race against the Black race is not so much because of color as of condition; because as a race, to them, we have accomplished nothing; we have built no nation, no government; because we are dependent for our economic and political existence."
The Black race will achieve little respect until we build power for the race.
"The world has made being black a crime, and I have felt it in common with men who suffer like me, and instead of making it a crime I hope to make it a virtue."
One of the goals of Marcus Garvey
What year was Marcus Garvey convicted and jailed for mail fraud?
In 1925 Garvey was convicted of mail fraud and sentenced to 5 years in prison.
Religiously, the UNIA founded what institution?
African Orthodox Church
The organizational efforts of the UNIA soon encompassed (by 1921) __________members?
6 million
"wrap the mantle of the Red, Black and Green"
LOOK FOR ME IN THE WHIRLWIND
Marcus Garvey, February 10, 1925.
"In the term "Negro" we include all those persons whom the American white man includes in this appelation of his contempt and hate."
Marcus Garvey sought unity in oppressed people in every country where there was an UNIA branch
Marcus Garvey was deported in what year?
1927
What was the moto of the UNIA?
ONE GOD, ONE AIM, ONE DESTINY
In order to reach the masses of Black people, the UNIA established the circulation of what Newspaper?
NEGRO WORLD
"The race needs women/men of vision and ability. Women/Men of character and above all women/men of honesty and that is hard to find. The great stumbling block in the way of progress in the race has invariably come from within the race itself."
Total Commitment to the Struggle of Liberation
"We are conscious of the fact that slavery brought upon us the curse of many colors [in many countries] within our Race, but that is no reason why we of ourselves should perpetuate the evil. .. .
Marcus Garvey recognized that we are divided as a people and we have been pitted against one another. However, we as a people must unite to throw off bondage. We must not let divide and conquer rule us forever.
WHAT THING(S) ACCOUNT FOR THE FAILURE OF THIS MASSIVE, POWERFUL BLACK ORGANIZATION?
Disorganization
Another fatal weakness of the UNIA.
Black man's ineptitude in the area of business and commerce organization. Being recently removed from a restrictive closed life of chattel slavery, our awareness of business was limited. Thus this ignorance led to many bad investments and poor record-keeping, legal and financial problems, that were irreconcilable.
Jomo Kenyatta & Kwame Nkruma
Both claimed Marcus Garvey was a major influence in their struggle against the European colonial power in Africa.
"No race in the world is so just as to give others, for the asking, a square deal in things economic, political and social."
(The Philosophy & Opinions Of Marcus Garvey, pg. 10)
Reparations
God, the Bible and the Blackman's Destiny
Ishakamusa Barashango
WHAT THING(S) ACCOUNT FOR THE FAILURE OF THIS MASSIVE, POWERFUL BLACK ORGANIZATION?
an ineffective strategy for Change. Change would have been necessary to create commitment, discipline and process to train leadership
UNIA members included Black Jews, Black Hindus, Black Catholics, Black Muslims, and Black Protestants of all denominations, and the conventions included black Marxist revolutionaries, free-lance socialists.
The idea of "functional unity" (that all we need be is Black, irrespective of ideologies) disastrously failed in the UNIA. Each UNIA chapter would function autonomously, going in whichever direction it chose. This eventually led to splintering off into other organizations and factions.