Future Tenses & Time Clauses
Make a sentence: (plan) go to Italy / next summer
"I am going to go to Italy next summer." or "I will go to Italy next summer."
Choose: She sings (good / well).
"well" (We need an adverb to modify the verb "sings").
Complete: It's essential that she _____ (be) on time.
"be" (The base form of the verb is used after adjectives like essential, important, necessary).
Turn this active sentence passive: "Someone stole my phone."
"My phone was stolen." (Passive: to be + past participle).
This word describes a place that is full of people and too busy.
overcrowded
Complete: I'll call you as soon as I _____ (arrive).
"arrive" (In a time clause with as soon as, when, until, etc., we use the present simple for the future)
Explain the difference: "He works hard" vs. "He hardly works."
"He works hard" means he puts a lot of effort into his work. "He hardly works" means he does almost no work at all.
Correct or Incorrect? "I suggest that he studies harder."
Incorrect. After the verb "suggest," we use the base form of the verb. "I suggest that he study harder." (Note: In British English, "should study" is also common, but the subjunctive "study" is the focus here).
Make this negative emphatic: "You should not open this door under any circumstances."
"Under no circumstances should you open this door." (Negative adverbial at the beginning requires inversion: auxiliary verb + subject).
When you feel sad for someone because something bad happened to them, you _____ them.
When you feel sad for someone because something bad happened to them, you _____ them.
What's the difference? "The train leaves at 7pm" vs. "I will leave at 7pm if I'm ready."
The first sentence ("The train leaves...") uses the Present Simple for a scheduled event (a timetable). The second sentence uses "will" for a spontaneous decision or a promise based on a condition.
Correct the mistake: "I am near finished with my project."
"I am nearly finished..." or "I am almost finished..." "Near" is usually for physical proximity (e.g., near the school).
Form a sentence: important / they / arrive / early.
"It is important that they arrive early."
Complete the negative question: "Why _____ (you / not / finish) your homework?"
"Why didn't you finish your homework?" (Standard past simple negative question). For a more emphatic/angry tone: "Why have you not finished your homework?" (Present perfect).
If a place is dirty, dark, and in bad condition, it is _____.
dingy
Correct or Incorrect? "I will be a doctor until I graduate from medical school."
Incorrect. "Until" is used with an action or state that continues up to a point in time. "I will be a doctor" is a state that begins at a point. Better: "I won't become a doctor until I graduate." or "I will work as a doctor once I graduate."
Choose the best adverb: I was (late / lately) for school this morning.
"late" (meaning not on time). "Lately" means recently.
What's the rule? Why do we say "I wish I were" instead of "I wish I was"?
We use "were" for all subjects in the subjunctive mood to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the present or future (with "wish" or "if").
Correct the mistake: "Not only she sings, but she also dances."
When "Not only" starts a sentence, it requires inversion. "Not only does she sing, but she also dances."
This is a verb phrase meaning to spend time relaxing and getting your energy back.
recharge
Make one sentence using a future time clause: I will finish work. Then, I will call you. (Combine using "once")
"Once I have finished work, I will call you." (or "I will call you once I finish work.").
Make a sentence using "later" and another one using "latter."
"Later" refers to time (e.g., See you later). "The latter" refers to the second of two things just mentioned (e.g., I like tea and coffee, but I prefer the latter - coffee).
Finish the sentence: If only my friend _____ (not/move) away. We miss her so much.
"If only my friend hadn't moved away." (We use the past perfect in the "if only" clause to express regret about the past).
Combine using inversion: I had no sooner closed the door. The phone rang.
"No sooner had I closed the door than the phone rang." (Inversion with "No sooner... than" uses the past perfect: had + subject + past participle).
You use this phrase when you have the same opinions and understand each other perfectly.
to be on the same wavelength