A
This type of ocean sediment is commonly found from precipitation of minerals at hydrothermal vents
hydrogenous
a complex of living organisms interacting together with their abiotic environment
Ecosystem
A large sea surface wave created not by wind, but by seismic activity
Tsunami
This process causes fluids moving in the Southern Hemisphere to be deflected to their left
Coriolis Force
The average salinity of seawater
35‰
This is an area of rapid change in salinity with a change in depth
halocline
These are large, circular sea surface flow patterns caused by global air currents
gyres
Dissolved salts in seawater ultimately comes from a chemical reaction between these three things
water, CO2 and rocks on land
This is an area of rapid change in temperature with a change in depth
thermocline
This is an area of rapid change in density with a change in depth
pycnocline
The part of the water column that has more than 0% but less than 1% of surface sunlight
Disphotic zone
Besides NaCl, these are the two most abundant dissolved ions in seawater
magnesium and sulfate
Higher than average sea surface salinity is typically found at this latitude
~30° N/S
These air currents combine with the Coriolis Force to produce the Trade Winds and Westerlies
Hadley cells
Ocean crust will typically be thinner the farther away it is from this ocean feature
divergence zone/mid-ocean ridge
Old oceanic crust is destroyed in these ocean regions
subduction zones/trenches/convergent plate boundaries
Subduction zones are found at this type of plate boundary
Convergent
A cold-core ring is usually associated with this oceanographic process
upwelling/high primary production
Ekman transport causes the topmost layer of the sea surface to be deflected at this angle to the right of wind
45 degrees
A name for biogenous sediment that is >30% calcite or silica
ooze
A flat-topped seamount that was once a volcanic island but subsided beneath the sea surface
Guyot
Global thermohaline circulation is initiated by this process occurring in high latitude seawater
ice formation/high salinity cold surface water/sinking
A strong pycnocline prevents/reduces this process from occurring
mixing/upwelling/nutrient input
Ekman transport causes net movement of the entire Ekman layer at this angle relative to wind
90 degrees
Formation of coastal mountain ranges and volcanic island chains are typically found along this type of continental margin
active