Vocabulary
Concepts
Structures
Processes
Wild Card
100
This type of bond is known as 'electron sharing' and is what holds the two hydrogens and one oxygen of water together as a water molecule
What is a covalent bond?
100
This is the type of bond that holds salt together
What is an ionic bond?
100
Elements contain ______ type(s) of atoms
What is one?
100
Metabolic reactions occur faster at ___________ temperatures
What is higher temps?
100
All matter is made out of this
What are atoms?
200
These are the two major ions that comprise most of seawater
What are sodium and chloride?
200
Salinity is measured in this unit
What is parts per thousand (ppt)?
200
These are weak bonds formed between individual water molecules
What are hydrogen bonds?
200
This is the amount of heat a substance needs to absorb in order to melt
What is latent heat of melting?
200
This voyage led to the discovery that ocean water is well mixed and maintains a consistent salinity level
What is the HMS Challenger?
300
Water is removed from by these two processes
What are evaporation and freezing?
300
These types of organisms are not able to regulate their internal body temperature
What are ectotherms?
300
These are the three major types of dissolved gases found in the ocean:
What are 1) oxygen, 2) carbon dioxide, and 3) nitrogen gas?
300
These organisms are able to regulate their internal conditions like body temperature
What are endotherms?
300
These types of organisms CANNOT regulate the levels of water and salt inside their bodies and must adjust to surrounding conditions
What are osmoconformers?
400
These types of organisms can regulate their concentration of water and salts within their bodies
What are osmoregulators?
400
This is why sodium and chloride are more stable when bound together, despite each atom taking on an electrical charge to form this bond
What is 'because they are more stable due to electron donation from sodium to chloride...stabilizes their outer valence shells?'
400
This occurs to most enzyme at extreme temperatures
What is 'they degrade/break down/cease functioning?'
400
These two factors impact the density of water
What are 1) temperature and 2) salinity?
400
This region of the earth/ocean is where we find the greatest amount of dissolved oxygen
What are polar/arctic/cold regions?
500
This is why ice floats on top of water
What is 'because water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid?'
500
This rule states that the salinity of the ocean remains consistent throughout the entire ocean
What is The Rule of Constant Proportions?
500
Name the two types of sediment found in the ocean
What are 1. Lithogenous sediment, and 2. biogenous sediment?
500
Distribution of ions in the seawater may vary locally due to this factor
What is 'influx of chemicals/nutrients/fertilizers/etc where rivers meet the sea?'
500
Water is sometimes referred to as this because of water's ability to break down almost any substance
What is the universal solvent?
M
e
n
u