Camouflage
A fish looking to obscure itself from predators might have a bar over this body part
What is their eye?
Bonus: What type of camouflage are bars?
These are three threats to fish
What are overfishing/bycatch/habitat destruction/climate change/aquarium trade?
Tetrapods can best be defined as these
What are vertebrates with four limbs?
Bonus: name 2 tetrapod classes
The video shown in class involved a grouper and this fish
What is an eel?
This trait of sea turtles makes them vulnerable
What is late to mature/nests on sandy beaches/feed at ocean surface/slow moving and gentle?
Camouflage where an animal has a lighter underside and a darker dorsal side
What is countershading?
Bonus: Name a fish that exhibits this camouflage?
A shark's lateral line helps them detect this
What is pressure?
Bonus: name the organ that helps sharks smell
The earliest class of tetrapods to evolve
What are amphibians?
When a baby orange pygmy seahorse was introduced to a purple sea fan, it did this
What is turned purple?
Traits that are not present in an ancestor are known as these
What are derived traits?
A leafy seadragon blending in with the sargassum seaweed around it is an example of this type of camouflage
What is cryptic coloration?
Two reasons why sharks are vulnerable to overfishing
What are slow gestation/late maturity/small broods/internal fertilization/long migrations?
Birds, platypuses, and snakes lay these type of eggs
What are amniotic eggs?
Bonus: why are amniotic eggs evolutionarily important?
These devices allow sea turtles to escape from nets they get caught in
What are turtle exclusion devices (TEDs)?
All fish have these traits
What are aquatic, gills, and vertebral column?
A fish might have eyespots, a type of disruptive coloration, for this reason
What is to create the illusion of more than one head/to confuse predators?
You would expect a fish with a small, narrow mouth to be this type of feeder
What is an herbivore/algal grazer?
This class was the first to evolve to live on land
What are reptiles?
The two signals used by the grouper to indicate the presence of fish
What are turning white and rapidly shaking its head?
Fish that live in this environment are more likely to need constant movement
What is open water?
Bonus: What structure might these fish not need?
A juvenile angelfish with a swirling color pattern is exhibiting this type of camouflage
What is disruptive coloration?
Bony fish reproduce in this manner
What is broadcast spawning/external fertilization
Bonus: Are bony fish oviparous or oviviparous?
These three animals are marine tetrapods
What are marine iguanas/sea turtles/seabirds/sea snakes/saltwater crocodiles?
The mother crocodile stored her young in her throat pouch, demonstrating this trait found in crocs but not in turtles
What is parental care?
Sharks have open gills, while bony fishes have gills protected by this
What is an operculum?