The Field of Marine
The first marine biologist was...
Aristotle
Believed the gills on fish were breathing apparatuses
What is an ROV?
Remotely operated vehicle; a free-swimming submersible craft used to perform underwater observation, inspection and physical tasks such as valve operations etc.
Name the two crusts that line the earth's surface.
Continental and oceanic.
Name all the parts of the earth.
Core (inner and outer), mantle (lower and upper), continental/ oceanic crust.
What is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?
Collection of marine debris in the North Pacific Ocean
What did Captain Cook's voyages provide to the marine field?
Latitudes and charts; ventured to Hawaii, Tahiti, & Arctic Ice
What field of science is closely related to Marine Biology, typically overall in content?
Oceanography
How are trenches formed?
A plate sinks underneath another
Name the two marine sediments.
Lithogenous sediments and Biogenous sediments
What is salinity?
refers to the amount of salts dissolved in water, any water, and that includes "freshwater".
Name the steps in the scientific method.
Make an observation, form a question, make a hypothesis, conduct experiment (collect data), analyze data, draw conclusions
What does SONAR stand for and do?
Sound Navigation and Ranging: used to map seafloor depths and formations
How are hydrothermal vents formed?
formed when the plates at the center of the ridge pull apart and leave a gap. The sides of the gaps develop crevices. Seawater will creep into these crevices and then heat up from the heat from the mantle. The heated seawater then rises back up through the crust depositing an abundancy of minerals.
What is the world's smallest and shallowest ocean?
Arctic Ocean
What is the importance of salinity to marine life?
How nutrients are absorbed, environmental cues for various species, buoyancy of fish and other marine animals
Where was the first marine laboratory in the world?
BONUS: Name the first in America.
Naples, Italy 1872
Woods Hole, MA
What does SCUBA stand for?
Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
Name a piece of evidence for the continental drift. Be specific.
bands of magnetic anomalies along the mid-oceanic ridge, similar rock formations on either side of the oceans, similar fossils on either sides of oceans
Name and briefly describe each of the parts in the continental margins.
Continental shelf- biodiversity
Continental slope- "edge" of a continent
Continental rise- formed through sediment pushing down
Abyssal plain- "open ocean"
What is a passive margin and an active margin? Give an example.
Passive:
Active:
South America: (P) east coast (A) west coast
What is induction and deduction reasoning?
Induction- starts with a series of observations
Deduction- general statement and then predict the specific consequences if the statement is true
Name 3 marine technologies used besides SONAR and SCUBA.
Research Ships, ROVs, AUVs, Critter Cams, Subs, Remote Sensing
What are the 5 major basins in the world?
Atlantic, Pacific, Southern, Arctic, Indian
What did Alfred Wegner contribute to marine biology?
He suggested that all continents had been joined into a single supercontinent, which he named Pangaea.
What two European explorers during the Renaissance period contributed to Marine biology?
Christopher Columbus (discovered America) and Ferdinand Magellan (traveled around the world)