Cnidarians
All sponges have this body plan
What is asymmetry?
These cells allow for sponges to extract nutrients and oxygen out of water
What are choanocytes?
This class of Cnidarians are all small and have four equally-spaced tentacles and image-forming eyes
What are Cubozoans?
These are the two types of structural support seen in Poriferans
What are spongin and spicules?
This term refers to the large hole(s) present on top of a sea sponge that allow for water to exit the organism
What are the oscula?
This term refers to the layer of connective tissue found in Cnidarians
What is mesoglea?
This class of Cnidarians usually form colonial polyps and totally lack a medusa stage
What are Anthozoans?
These very small Cnidarians form the basis of biodiverse communities and many species can live colonially and drift through the water
What are Hydrozoans?
These are the first organisms to have developed a complete digestive tract
What are flatworms (Platyhelminthes)?
This group of worms can shrink down to 1/10 of their normal size and all share the same feeding structure called a proboscis
What are ribbon worms/Nemerteans?
This class of Cnidarians are referred to as the 'true jellies,' are larger in size, and are found in every ocean on earth
What are Scyphozoans?
Why are siphonophores considered to be a 'super organism?'
What is 'because they they live colonially as siphonophores, every individual jelly develops specialized jobs (feeding, digestion, defense, etc) and they work together to form a larger, 'super organism' that is greater than the sum of its parts?'
List the three major types of cells found in Poriferans
What are 1) choanocytes for feeding, 2) porocytes to allow water to pass into the body, and 2) pinacocytes that line the exterior of the organism?
These worms have a streamlined body with paired find, similar to a fish
What are Arrow worms?
This is the evolutionary significance of bilateral symmetry
What is 'bilateral symmetry is significant because it allows for 1) development of anterior and posterior regions with high concentrations of nerve cells in the head region, and 2) development of this body plan allowed for organisms to orient themselves into a specific direction - which allowed for better locomotion, capturing prey, avoiding predators, etc?'