Energy Release: Respiration
The term meaning "without oxygen"
Anaerobic
What are the three stages of cellular respiration
Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Electron Transport System
A nucleotide is made up of these (3)
Sugar, Phosphate, Base
The length of DNA that codes for an amino acid
Codon
A portion of DNA is copied to produce a single strand of this
mRNA
This is formed when oxygen is in low supply
Lactic acid
This process in cellular respiration is anerobic
Glycolysis
A length of DNA that codes for a protein
Gene
More than 1 codon for an amino acid
Redundant Code
This occurs if enzymes cut original mRNA in the wrong place
Frameshift
This is where cellular respiration occurs
Mitochondria
Output of/ formed in glycolysis
Pyruvic acid
These genes determine if a gene is turned on or off
Regulator genes
This refers to the change in allele frequency over generations.
Evolution
Parts of mRNA that are spiced together
Exons (think shady gas station)
This third carbon atom of pyruvic acid is removed by the lungs
CO2
Input of glycolysis
Glucose
This is a base in RNA but NOT in DNA
Uracil
Use the codon chart. 2 parts
AUG
CAC
AUG: Start
CAC: his (histidine)
Parts of mRNA that are removed
introns
Describe oxidative phosphorylation
Using oxygen to add phosphate to ADP, thus forming ATP
Input of the Krebs cycle
Acetyl CoA
Explain how DNA replication is "Semiconservative"
When DNA replicates, each new DNA molecule produced contains one strand from the original/ old DNA molecule and one newly synthesized strand, thus conserving half of the original DNA molecule
Use the codon chart. 2 parts
GGA
AUC
AUC: ile (Isoleucine)
Different exon combinations
Alternative splicing