Reproductive Health and Fetal Development
This organ releases eggs and produces estrogen and progesterone.
What are the ovaries
These three classifications describe presumptive, probable, and definitive evidence of pregnancy.
What are presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy?
This pregnancy complication involves glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy.
What is gestational diabetes mellitus?
This is the normal baseline fetal heart rate range.
What is 110–160 beats per minute?
This postpartum assessment framework covers breasts, uterus, bladder, bowel, lochia, perineum, legs, and emotions.
What is BUBBLE-HE?
The fetal head retracts against the perineum after delivery, suggesting this emergency
What is shoulder dystocia?
This is the normal respiratory rate for a newborn.
What is 30–60 breaths per minute?
This hormone surge triggers ovulation.
What is luteinizing hormone (LH)?
This rule estimates the due date by subtracting three months and adding seven days to the first day of the last menstrual period, adjusting the year.
What is Naegele's rule?
These three abnormalities form the HELLP syndrome acronym.
What are hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets?
These fetal heart rate decelerations are typically associated with fetal head compression.
What are early decelerations?
These are the three normal stages of postpartum lochia, in order.
What are lochia rubra, serosa, and alba?
These two maneuvers are commonly used to relieve shoulder dystocia.
What are McRoberts positioning and suprapubic pressure?
This type of newborn heat production uses brown fat rather than shivering.
What is nonshivering thermogenesis?
This is the most common location where fertilization occurs.
What is the ampulla of the fallopian tube?
This nutrient helps prevent neural tube defects during fetal development.
What is folic acid (folate)?
This medication is administered to prevent seizures in patients with severe preeclampsia.
What is magnesium sulfate?
These abrupt fetal heart rate decelerations are commonly caused by umbilical cord compression.
What are variable decelerations?
This hormone stimulates breast milk production.
What is prolactin?
This intervention must never be used to resolve shoulder dystocia because it can worsen impaction.
What is fundal pressure?
These four mechanisms account for newborn heat loss.
What are evaporation, conduction, convection, and radiation?
This hormone maintains the uterine lining during early pregnancy and is detected by pregnancy tests.
What is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?
This routine prenatal screening assesses for gestational diabetes, usually at 24–28 weeks.
What is gestational diabetes screening?
Painless, bright-red vaginal bleeding during late pregnancy suggests this placental complication.
What is placenta previa?
These fetal heart rate decelerations suggest uteroplacental insufficiency.
What are late decelerations?
A postpartum patient has a boggy uterus and heavy vaginal bleeding. This is the nurse's immediate intervention.
What is fundal massage while initiating the postpartum hemorrhage response?
When the umbilical cord prolapses, this immediate nursing action reduces compression and protects fetal oxygenation.
What is manually elevating the presenting fetal part while calling for help and preparing for emergency delivery?
This newborn scalp swelling crosses cranial suture lines, unlike a cephalohematoma.
What is caput succedaneum?
This phase of fetal development is particularly vulnerable to major structural birth defects from teratogens.
What is the first trimester, particularly organogenesis?
This medication helps prevent Rh sensitization in eligible Rh-negative pregnant patients.
What is Rho(D) immune globulin?
Painful vaginal bleeding with a rigid or tender uterus suggests this obstetric complication.
What is placental abruption?
Following epidural placement, the patient becomes hypotensive and the fetal heart rate decreases. This assessment and intervention take priority.
What are prompt maternal blood pressure and fetal assessment, maternal repositioning, and treatment of hypotension according to protocol?
This postpartum complication may present with fever, uterine tenderness, and foul-smelling lochia.
What is endometritis?
Sudden severe pain, abnormal fetal heart rate, and loss of fetal station during labor suggest this emergency.
What is uterine rupture?
A newborn of a diabetic mother is jittery, lethargic, and feeding poorly. This metabolic problem should be assessed promptly.
What is neonatal hypoglycemia?
A patient age 38 who smokes requests combined oral contraceptives. This is the nurse's primary safety concern.
What is increased risk of thromboembolism and cardiovascular complications with estrogen-containing contraception?
A patient at 32 weeks reports a severe headache, blurred vision, and upper abdominal pain. This condition is a priority concern.
What is preeclampsia with severe features?
A patient receiving magnesium sulfate has absent deep tendon reflexes and respiratory depression. These are the nurse's immediate actions.
What are stopping the magnesium infusion, calling for emergency assistance, and supporting breathing?
A patient receiving oxytocin develops uterine tachysystole with recurrent late decelerations. This is the immediate nursing response.
What are stopping oxytocin, repositioning the patient, evaluating maternal and fetal status, and escalating care?
A postpartum patient has unilateral calf swelling, pain, and warmth. This condition is suspected.
What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
A postpartum patient suddenly develops chest pain, severe shortness of breath, and tachycardia. This life-threatening complication must be suspected.
What is pulmonary embolism?
A newborn develops jaundice during the first 24 hours of life. This is the priority nursing response.
What is prompt bilirubin assessment and medical evaluation for possible pathologic hyperbilirubinemia?
A patient has a positive pregnancy test, unilateral pelvic pain, and dizziness. This potentially life-threatening condition must be evaluated immediately.
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
A pregnant patient reports chest pain and severe shortness of breath. This is the nurse's priority response.
What is the immediate assessment of airway, breathing, circulation, and activation of urgent medical evaluation?
A patient at 30 weeks has regular contractions and progressive cervical change. This diagnosis and treatment goal should be recognized.
What are preterm labor and interventions to improve neonatal outcomes, including antenatal corticosteroids and appropriate short-term tocolysis?
Immediately after membrane rupture, the fetal heart rate suddenly drops to 70 beats/min. This obstetric emergency must be considered.
What is umbilical cord prolapse or acute cord compression?
A postpartum patient reports hearing voices telling her to harm her baby. This is the nurse's priority action.
What is immediate safety intervention, ensuring the infant is protected, remaining with the patient, and obtaining emergency psychiatric evaluation for possible postpartum psychosis?
A patient with severe preeclampsia begins having a seizure. These are the immediate nursing priorities.
What are calling for help, protecting the patient from injury, positioning on the side when possible, and supporting airway and breathing?
Parents ask about safe sleep and car seat safety. These are the two essential instructions.
What are placing the infant supine on a firm, flat, empty sleep surface and using a correctly installed rear-facing car seat?