Metabolic changes
During what trimester do you need to increase calories?
2nd and 3rd trimester
What risk factors would increase the need for higher nutritional needs?
-multiple gestations
-chronic illnesses
-adolescents
How long should a pregnant client exercise a week?
150 minutes weekly
Which supplement is linked to neurotubular defects?
Folic acid
How much weight is the client expected to gain in the first trimester?
2-4 pounds
How much weight should an underweight pt with a BMI of <18.5 gain during the course of pregnancy?
28-40 pounds
What vitamins help in the first trimester with nausea and vomiting?
B6-B12
What exercise can you do to help reduce urinary frequency and reduce the risk of lacerations during labor?
kegel exercises
A client states, "I don't like milk." Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as a good source of calcium?
Dark leafy green vegetables
What types of side effects would a pt expect to have while taking iron supplementation?
-black tarry stools
-constipation
How much insulin is needed in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy?
Insulin needs in the 3rd trimester will increase by 2-4x the amount in the baseline
What is the necessary amount of calories needed during pregnancy?
300 additional calories
What should be taken into account when a pregnant pt is exercising?
-Drinking liberal amounts of fluids before, during, and after. (8-10 glasses daily)
-taking periods of rest
-exercise that is not to strenuous on the body
High levels of ______ can cause harm to the developing fetus.
Mercury
Which supplements can women take prior during and after pregnancy?
prenatal vitamins
What is the normal BMI?
18.5-24.9
How can a nurse best assess the nutritional needs of a client?
-keeping a food diary
-food questionnaire
What should the nurse teach to the patient with gestational diabetes before exercising?
-check glucose levels before starting to exercise
-need to increase insulin before exercise to reduce hypoglycemia
What supplement enhances the absorption of iron in the body?
Vitamin C
What is the amount needed of folic acid during the pregnancy process?
400mcg if trying to get pregnant
600 during pregnancy
How many pounds is a pregnant patient expected to gain in the last trimester?
1 pound a week
How much folic acid should women with a history of neural tube defects take during pregnancy?
4,000mcg daily
What would a patient with placental previa do for exercise?
NOTHING, bed rest
What defects can occur in a fetus or neonate due to folic acid deficiency?
Neural tube defects
Pregnant patients come in stating they are eating soap. What should the nurse suspect?
Pica due to iron deficiency