Take My Breath Away
Cry Me Yellow River
Achy Breaky Heart
Heat of the Night (Thyroid/Pituitary)
Hungry Eyes
100
Functional residual capacity ______ during pregnancy due to what anatomical change?
Decreases, due to upward displacement of diaphragm (cannot counteract expansion of the rib cage).
100
Increase, decrease, no change?
1) GFR
2) Renal plasma blood flow
1. Increase up to 25% by 2nd week and 50% by 2nd trimester
2. Increase also by as much as 80%
100
This increases from 6-8 weeks gestation and peaks at a 45% increase above nonpregnant values, resulting in a physiologic hemodilution.
What is plasma volume. Red blood cell mass increases by 250-450cc. (only a 20-30% increase)
100
Increase, decrease, or no change: Thyroid binding globulin level.
What is increases.
100
Why is heartburn common in pregnancy?
Relaxation of the LES by progesterone.
200
What happens to the following? (Increase, Decrease, or no change)
1. Expiratory reserve volume
2. Residual volume
1. Decrease 2. Decrease
200
What creatinine level in pregnancy suggests underlying renal disease?
What is 0.9 mg/dL and greater (normal should be ~0/5 mg/dL).
200
Cardiac output increases by 30-50% by an increase in what? A. Stroke Volume B. Heart Rate C. Both
What is C. CO increases as early as 5 weeks gestation. Resting HR increases 10-15 bpm. SV also increases (increased venous return and decreased SVR), peaking at ~32 weeks.
200
Total T4
Increase, decrease, no change?
Increases sharply between 6-9 weeks
200
Why do pregnant women get hemorrhoids? (2 reasons)
Constipation (progesterone) Elevated pressure in veins below level of enlarged uterus
300
What is the equation for minute ventilation?
Respiratory Rate x Tidal Volume
300
Hydronephrosis and hydroureter are most commonly found on which side?
Right. The sigmoid colon dextrorotates the uterus to the R.
300
BP decreases during pregnancy, reaching a nadir at what gestational age? A. 16-20wga B. 24-28wga C. 32-36wga
What is B. 24-28wga. Decreased SVR as well as arterial stiffness; plateaus and then slightly increases.
300
Free T4 Increase, decrease, no change?
Rises at 6-9 weeks in response to increased BhCG, then declines to normal levels
300
Pregnant women are at increased, decreased, or same risk of gallstones?
Increased - impaired contraction of gallbadder (progesterone) leads to stasis & incr bile cholesterol saturation.
400
Increase, decrease, or no change?
1. Tidal volume
2. Respiratory rate
400
True or False: Glucosuria can be common in pregnancy?
What is True. Due to and increased GFR and impaired tubular reabsorptive capacity for filtered glucose.
400
This hormone is responsible for decreased systemic vascular resistance and increased venous compliance.
What is Progesterone
400
The pituitary gland increases in size by ~135% due to estrogen stimulated hypertrophy and hyperplasia of what cell type?
What are lactotrophs? Prolactin levels are roughly 10-fold greater at term!
400
Who should take folic acid? When should it be started? How much?
All women capable of becoming pregnant should take 0.4mg/day. Women with a h/o NTD in a prior pregnancy should take 4mg/d starting 1 month before conception and through first trimester.
500
Which of the following represents a normal ABG for pregnancy?
1) 7.40/40/100/24
2) 7.45/30/105/20
3) 7.37/44/95/25
Answer: B-- Pregnancy causes a mild respiratory alkalosis. This results in a shift to the left of the O2 dissociation curve, increasing the affinity of maternal hemoglobin for oxygen (Bohr effect)
500
Free Candy!
500
Cardiac output increases by 60-80% immediately after delivery. Why? (2 reasons)
1. Release of venacaval obstruction 2. Autotransfusion of uteruoplacental blood
500
TSH Increase, decrease, no change
Decrease (BhCG and TSH have identical alpha subunits and similar beta subunits, which gives BhCG thyrotropic activity)
500
What is the recommended weight gain in pregnancy?
Based on BMI:
Underweight 28-40#
Normal 25-35#
Overweight 15-25#
Obese 11-20#