Genetics and Birth Defects
This chromosomal disorder causes low muscle tone, intellectual disability, and distinct facial features.
What is Down syndrome (Trisomy 21)?
This test screens for cervical cancer and should begin at age 21.
What is a Pap smear?
This infection causes a “fishy odor” and thin, grayish discharge.
What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)?
This barrier method requires pinching the tip before use.
What is a male condom?
Absence of menstruation by age 16 is defined as this.
What is primary amenorrhea?
The maternal serum blood test done at 15–20 weeks to detect neural tube defects.
What is maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
Women ages 30–65 should have this co-test every 5 years.
What is Pap + HPV testing?
This STI is often asymptomatic but may cause infertility if untreated.
What is chlamydia?
The IUD provides contraception for this many years (depending on type).
What is 3–10 years?
This condition is characterized by painful menses beginning 6–12 months after menarche.
What is primary dysmenorrhea?
A diagnostic test performed at 10–13 weeks using placental tissue to detect chromosomal abnormalities.
What is chorionic villus sampling (CVS)?
The #1 cause of death in women, which routine screenings aim to prevent.
What is cardiovascular disease?
The treatment for gonorrhea involves this type of dual therapy.
What is ceftriaxone + azithromycin?
Rifampin and certain anticonvulsants decrease the effectiveness of this contraceptive method
What are oral contraceptives?
This disorder involves endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus.
What is endometriosis?
A heart murmur, cyanosis, poor feeding, and fatigue may indicate this type of birth defect.
What is a congenital heart defect?
One goal of women’s health promotion is empowering women to make these about their care.
What are informed decisions?
A painless chancre is the first sign of this STI.
What is syphilis?
This emergency contraceptive is most effective within 5 days of unprotected intercourse.
What is a copper IUD? (pills like levonorgestrel are less effective if delayed)
Hot flashes, insomnia, and vaginal dryness are symptoms of this transition period.
What is perimenopause?
This non-invasive test analyzes fetal DNA in maternal blood starting at 10 weeks.
What is cell-free DNA testing (NIPT)?
A mammogram is recommended yearly beginning at this age unless otherwise indicated.
What is 40 years old? (per standard guidelines; frequency varies by risk factors)
Painful blisters/sores and flu-like symptoms are seen in this viral STI.
What is genital herpes?
A rare but serious complication of IUD insertion.
What is uterine perforation?
PCOS treatment may include this diabetes medication to improve insulin sensitivity.
What is metformin?