Maternity 1
This procedure may be done to confirm pregnancy at 6 to 8 weeks gestation. It may also be done at 18 to 20 weeks and again later in the pregnancy to confirm the age of the fetus and to monitor for any problems with the internal organs and body systems.
What is an abdominal ultrasound?
This is the "mother's sensation of fetal movement"?
What is quickening?
This supplement is usually prescribed to pregnant women by the second trimester to prevent anemia.
What is iron?
These are the subjective signs that a woman notices occurring in her body. These signs are the least reliable because they can sometimes be caused by health conditions not related to pregnancy.
What are presumptive signs of pregnancy?
This change in the urinary system is an early symptom of pregnancy in women. It is caused by an increase in the hormones progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). This tends to reduce in the second trimester when the uterus is higher resulting in less pressure on your bladder.
What is urinary frequency?
High levels of this substance may indicate fetal neural tube defect; lower levels could indicate risk for Down syndrome (trisomy 21) or trisomy 18.
What is Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
This term is used to describe a pregnancy loss or termination prior to the fetus being viable.
What is an abortion?
The increased levels of hormones slow down digestion and relax the smooth muscles in the intestines, causing this problem for many pregnant women.
What is constipation?
The pregnant woman has an increased risk of UTIs and should be educated on these signs and symptoms.
What are urinary urgency, frequency, and dysuria ( or sometimes hematuria)?
The purpose of this test is to evaluate the well-being of a fetus by observing the fetal response to the stress of contractions. An external fetal monitor is applied and IV oxytocin is administered until there are three uterine contractions in 10 to 20 min lasting 40 sec or longer. It can also be done through nipple stimulation.
What is a contraction stress test (CST)?
The woman should take this supplement each day along with eating food with folate from a varied diet to lower the risk of fetal defects of the brain and spine (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2018b).
What is (400mcg) Folic Acid?
This is a white vaginal discharge that is usually increased in pregnancy.
What is leukorrhea?
This method is used to calculate the client’s estimated date of delivery where the nurse subtracts 3 calendar months and adds 7 days to the client’s first day of her last menstrual period.
What is Naegele's rule?
These exercises strengthen the perineal and pelvic muscles.
What are Kegel exercises?
Fetal movements can be observed by the multiparous client as early as ________(1), while the nulliparous client might not notice these sensations until ______(2) or later.
What are 14 weeks (1) and 18 weeks (2)?
This test is performed after 28 weeks to monitor for fetal distress. A fetal monitor is attached to the mother’s abdomen, and the fetus is monitored for several minutes. Every time the woman perceives fetal movement, it is noted on the fetal monitor. A healthy fetal response is a rise in the heart rate with fetal movement.
What is a nonstress test?
This term describes the number of pregnancies that have reached a term of 20 weeks.
What is parity?
Administration of this drug to an Rh-negative woman within 72 hours to prevent isoimmunization or the client's immune system from forming antibodies secondary to exposure to fetal blood during pregnancy or delivery.
What is Rho(D) immune globulin?
This procedure may be performed to diagnose Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis (CF), spina bifida, and other genetic disorders. Under ultrasound guidance, a thin needle is used to remove amniotic fluid and cells from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus.
What is amniocentesis?
This test is performed on the mother’s blood to determine if she has developed antibodies to the Rh antigen.
What is an indirect Coombs test?
This metabolic condition is marked by an inability to metabolize phenylalanine. The liver has a deficient amount of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which normally breaks down phenylalanine into tyrosine. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid found in most natural sources of protein.
What is Phenylketonuria (PKU)?
This occurs when the placenta is implanted near the opening of the cervix. As the pregnancy nears term and the cervix begins to dilate, bleeding occurs because the placenta is becoming detached from the uterus.
What is placenta previa?
This test is done in the third trimester to monitor the overall health of the fetus. This test involves an abdominal ultrasound along with a stress test. The BPP monitors fetal movement, breathing movements, heart rate, and the amount of amniotic fluid. The BPP test consists of a nonstress test with an additional 30 min of ultrasound observation. A score of 0 (absent) to 2 (present) is given to each component of the test.
• An overall score of 8 to 10 is reassuring of fetal well-being.
• A score of 6 may indicate a need to deliver the fetus early, depending upon the gestational age.
What is a biophysical profile (BPP)?
This is the premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus where bleeding occurs between the uterine wall and the placenta.
What is abruptio placenta?