Ratio and Proportional Relationships
Rate
a comparison of quantities in two different units is called a rate.
Absolute value
the distance a number is from 0 on a number line.
Distributive Property
a mathematical property used to rewrite expressions involving addition and multiplication. EX. 4(5 + x) = 4(5) + 4(x) = 20 + 4x
Commutative property
property that states the order in which quantities are multiplied doesn’t change the product.
Circumference
the distance around a circle (perimeter)
Proportion
an equation stating that 2 ratios are equal.
Integers
whole numbers and their opposites.
Order of Operations
a set agreement for carrying out calculations with one or more operations. ( Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication/Division (moving left to right), Addition/Subtraction (moving left to right)
Slope
the number used to express the steepness of a line.
Diameter
segment that goes from one point on a circle through the center to another point on the circle.
Rate table
a table that shows the value of a single item in terms of another item.
Rational number
number that can be expressed as a quotient of two integers where the divisor is not 0.
Inequality
A statement that compares two quantities. <, >, <, and > are used to express inequalities.
Linear relationship
a relationship in which these is a constant rate of change between variables.
Radius
segment from the center of the circle to a point on the circle (half the diameter)
Ratio
a comparison of two quantities and can be expressed as 3:5 or 3 to 5
Multiplicative identity
multiplying any rational number by 1 will be the original number.
Variable
a quantity that can change, often represented by a letter
Dependent variable
It’s value depends upon or is determined by other variable.
Adjacent sides
two sides that meet at a vertex.
Constant of proportionality
the constant ratio of 2 proportional quantities, x and y; usually written as y =kx, where is k is the constant of proportionality.
Opposites
two numbers whose sum is 0. Ex. – 3 + 3 = 0
Coefficient
a number that is multiplied by a variable in an equation or expression.
Independent variable
It’s value determines the value of another variable.
Corresponding sides
sides have same relative position in similar figures.